Here is another link about ALA. The last info about the study showing the effectiveness of various chelators is interesting.
http://www.thorne.com/altmedrev/.fulltext/7/6/456.pdf
ALA h...
Here is another link about ALA. The last info about the study showing the effectiveness of various chelators is interesting.
http://www.thorne.com/altmedrev/.fulltext/7/6/456.pdf
ALA has been shown to affect the release
of glutathione into bile secretions. In animal studies,
increasing amounts of glutathione in bile has
been shown to dramatically increase the release
of inorganic mercury. ALA given intravenously
to rats at doses of 37.5-300 μM/kg was shown to
increase inorganic mercury release in bile by
1,200-4,000 percent immediately after mercury
exposure.67 Levels of released inorganic mercury
remained at a 300-700 percent elevation, even
three hours after dosing with ALA. If mercury was
injected 24 hours prior to the administration of
ALA, the increase in release of inorganic mercury
was substantially less, but was still elevated 140-
330 percent. A lower dose of ALA (37.5 μM/kg)
was more effective than higher doses at increasing
the biliary elimination of methylmercury.
There was disconcerting evidence from
this study, however, that ALA may also alter the
tissue distribution of mercury and other heavy
metals.
Although levels of inorganic mercury and
methylmercury in the kidney dropped significantly,
levels of inorganic mercury also increased
significantly in the brain, lung, heart, and liver tissue.
Methylmercury levels had also increased in
the brain, intestine and muscle of the rats given
ALA. The same phenomenon occurred in rats exposed
to cadmium and given the same doses of
ALA. Levels of cadmium in the liver dropped
(where cadmium is most frequently stored) but
increased in the kidney and muscle. The same was
true in rats given copper and ALA; all tissues examined
had increased levels of copper, except for
the liver (where copper usually accumulates)
where levels had dropped.67 In all cases the pattern
was the same; the tissues that concentrated
the metal (blood, spleen, and kidneys in the case
of methylmercury) had reduced concentrations,
while other tissues appeared to have a greater concentration.
It goes on to say:
ALA versus Dithiol-based Chelating
Agents (DMPS, DMSA)
The ability of ALA to bind inorganic
mercury from rabbit renal tissue was compared
to glutathione and the chelators 2,3-
dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DMPS), meso-
2,3-dimercapto- succinic acid (DMSA), penicillamine,
and ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid
(EDTA) (Figure 3).69
DMPS was the most efficient chelator,
removing 86 percent of the mercury in three
hours, with DMSA being the next-most efficient,
removing 65 percent of the mercury. In the same
time period, penicillamine removed 60 percent,
glutathione removed 50 percent, ALA removed
35 percent, and EDTA removed 20 percent. Only
the levels reached by DMSA and DMPS, however,
were statistically significantly different
from baseline (p<0.05). Therefore, the effect of
ALA and glutathione may show only a trend or
an apparent effect and are not comparable to
DMPS and DMSA. Although the actual effect of
a chelator or heavy metal-complexing agent cannot
be determined in a three-hour time period, and
acute doses of 10 mg/kg of inorganic mercury
would be considered highly toxic in an adult human,
there is evidence from this study that ALA
is a less efficient binder of inorganic mercury than
the recognized chelating agents, DMSA and
DMPS. All of the substances were used at a concentration
of 10 mM, a level difficult to reach with
ALA oral supplementation.
In another comparison study, ALA (25
mg/kg/day) resulted in an insignificant decrease
in blood and tissue lead in rats with lead toxicity
when compared to the dithiol-based chelating
agent, DMSA (dosed at 90 mg/kg/day) (Table 2).61
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