Re: the harmonics of all of these combined add up to several million harmonics available.

>- said the 555 chip was the reason for that square offset positive wave,

No, there are many chips that can produce a positive offset square wave.

The positive offset is actually not a part of the chip but is additional circuitry. Hulda Clark used a 39 k-ohm resistor. I use that and more. ParaZapper is far more sophisticated than any thing that I have seen out there.

>- you say you don't use that chip any more.

Never did use it. Being knowledgeable in the field and having used many different timers, I knew of the advantages and disadvantages of most of the various chips available. Hulda Clark picked the oldest, least advanced version, simply, because it was available at Radio Shack.

>- What exactly did the new chip improve?

The chip that I use has a faster slew rate, rail to rail output, uses less power, as well as a number of other advantages. You can look back about 8 to 10 years and find a few discussions.

Together the features of the new chip enable it to produce a better output.

>- And the range of frequencies--do you know what they are?

Yes, the chip can produce frequencies up to 1 MHz and possibly a bit beyond that. The specific frequencies are every exact odd harmonic of the base frequency.

>- Why not fix it instead?

I did! That is exactly the purpose of ParaZapper.

Problem #1: One frequency does not get everything.
Solution? Multiple frequencies.

Problem #2: The output of many zappers is not very strong.
Solution: Higher output combined with Current control.

Problem #3: Zappers in general are hit or miss, work for some but not for others.
Solution: More accurate frequencies mean that each user will see more consistent results.

That is not all, but a good start.

>- The medical batteries, used for health assisting, wasn't something any scientist type ever studied and used

Whoa!!!! Very wrong! They were the instrument of favor for both individuals and medical practitioners from the 1890's to the mid 1930's when the AMA, FDA, and other groups forced them off of the market.

Medical electric batteries were crude square wave generators that were available from Montgomery Wards, Sears and Roebuck, and Rexall drugs, among others. They often came with a wide range of electrodes and accessories as well as extensive instruction manuals for many conditions and illnesses.

>- it's more that he invented the Clark style version.

No, again, he studied some electronics and the diagram for the 555 timer based astable multivibrator was in literally hundreds of books about the 555 and the circuit was listed as a "square wave frequency generator".

"The 555 timer was created by Hans Camenzind (b. 1934) in 1970 while he was working for Signetics."
From: http://www.instructables.com/id/Know-Your-IC-555-Timers/

The circuit that was used for the zapper was published in almost every book about the 555 that was ever written, if not every one of them. It was the default de-facto circuit for the chip for 20 years before it was even considered by Clark.

What he did was to adapt its usage. Credit is due for that, it was a very important adaptation.

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