Re: More on Sulfation, liver pathway

Part 2:

There are a number of consequences attributable to PST/sulfate
deficiency including effects upon the impaired breakdown and
metabolism of classical neurotransmitters such as serotonin and
dopamine; impaired breakdown and metabolism of the bile pigments
bilirubin and biliverdin; impaired action of the hormone CCK on CCKA
receptors which would result in decreased secretion of pancreatic
enzymes and of bile from the gall bladder and biliary tract into the
intestines. This would result in low uptake of certain vitamins and
other nutrients from the intestines; reduced activity of gastrin (and
subsequent reduced secretion of stomach acid, mucus, and pepsin in
the stomach), and, probably, reduced production of secretin farther
downstream. Secretin (esp. at high concentrations) inhibits the
histamine releasing action of gastrin and pentagastrin reducing HCl
as the stomach empties.

Because there is a lack of serotonin available to the brain, which
causes many of the most distressing symptoms of autism, it seems
reasonable to build the available serotonin by providing its
precursor 5-HTP. The use of 25-50 mg three or four times a day
(unless it causes a drowsiness that interferes with school) should be
most beneficial. If drowsiness interferes with school, reduce the
amount and/or give it later in the day. Giving 100 mg one to four
hours before bedtime has safely improved the sleep of many.
Nevertheless, a PST child may not tolerate it. If hyperactivity or
sleeplessness is observed, please discontinue.

Those with these PST deficits cannot readily excrete the phenols,
amines, and other listed toxic substances. These substances are
strongly acidic, and they exert toxic effects in the brain, where
normally certain enzymes prevent their accumulation. They build up to
abnormal levels and interfere with the neurotransmitters serotonin,
dopamine, and noradrenaline among other things. Symptoms of
PST/sulfate deficiency are excessive thirst, normal urination, night
sweats, odorous bed clothes, black eye shadows, facial flushing, and
red ears. These vary with the degree or level of toxic buildup.
Certain foods may cause fevers, and some, especially those taking
Paracetamol™ (Tylenol™), may go up to 24 hours without urination.

A phenolic compound may cause a variety of different symptoms in
various individuals. There is evidence of immune suppression on
exposure to testing doses of phenolics. There may be a drop in T-
suppressor cells or total T-cell numbers. An overabundance of B-cells
was interpreted as a reflection of toxic image to the immune system.
An increase in helper cells, antibody formation, and elevation of
some immunoglobulins was also noted. Other findings on phenolic
exposure have been depressed serotonin, elevated histamine and
prostaglandins, abnormal complement and immune complex formation.
These compounds can contribute to the toxic overload in PST, or they
can precipitate an allergic reaction.

Neurologic symptoms: In severe phenol poisoning, initial signs and
symptoms may include nausea, diaphoresis (heavy perspiration),
headache, dizziness, and tinnitus (ringing ears). Seizures, coma,
respiratory depression, and death may ensue quickly. Coma and
seizures usually occur within minutes to a few hours after exposure
or after a delay of up to 18 hours. Phenol also may cause
demyelination and axonal damage of peripheral nerves. Typically,
transitory central nervous system (CNS) excitation occurs, then
profound CNS Depression ensues rapidly. Metabolic acidosis and acute
renal failure may complicate the condition. Vomiting and diarrhea are
common effects of phenol toxicity by any route. Peristalsis is
increased in the intestine and distribution of blood is altered by
these phenolics because of sensitizing smooth muscles to epinephrine,
norepinephrine, and other physiological stimulants.

Nutritional deficiencies will affect the body's ability to detoxify
foreign chemicals. For example, magnesium is important in over 300
enzyme systems that relate to Phase and Phase II detoxification;
however, the average American diet is low in magnesium. The Phase I
enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase are zinc
dependent, and NAD, the coenzyme form of niacin, activates these two
enzymes that break down alcohol and acetylaldehyde (AH). Magnesium
and NAD are both dependent on adequate supplies of vitamin B6, in the
form P5P. Aldehyde oxidase requires molybdenum. A deficiency of P5P,
NAD, zinc, magnesium, molybdenum, or the amino acid histidine could
significantly impair the ability to detoxify those chemicals,
especially the toxins of candida (acetylaldehyde).

By supplementing molybdenum and histidine (needed in the molybdenum-
histidine containing enzymes, sulfite oxidase and cysteine
dioxygenase, that oxidize sulfur), along with iron, and the B-complex
(preferably in coenzyme form), glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate
(stimulates synthesis of the GAGs we studied about above, and is
mildly anti-inflammatory without inhibiting the synthesis of
Prostaglandins, and more effective when taken together), minerals in
sulfate form, such as iron sulfate, and Epsom Salts (magnesium
sulfate-taken orally it is a good laxative for those that need it),
one may supply both the minerals and the sulfate needed to detoxify
phenols and other metabolites. When glucosamine gives up its sulfate,
it supplies glutamine. Chondroitin is comprised of N-acetyl-D-
galactosamine and D-glucuronate. Collagen Type II™ may be even better
for it supplies at least 50 other types of sulfate such as heparan,
keratan, and dermatan sulfate. Curiously, bread is sulfate rich. This
program will increase the number and enhance the efficiency of the
available PST enzymes in doing their job.

Buy a quality brand (one using Good Manufacturing Practices) of
glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate that uses low molecular weight
ingredients the use of which will supply adequate GAGs to enable the
cells to resist infection. There are 4 different methods of
manufacturing glucosamine capsules. According to sources at Jarrow
Formulas, both glucosamine hydrochloride and N-Acetyl-glucosamine
have been stripped of the "sulfate" component in the manufacturing
process. Neither of these forms are expected to have any anti-viral
effect against lipid envelope viruses like HIV, EBV, CMV and HHV-6,
and of course, they would not supply needed sulfate for PST.
Published scientific research indicates that only the sulfated
polysaccharides and one sulfated monosaccharide (glucosamine sulfate)
have a powerful effect against lipid envelope viruses. If the
word "hydrochloride" or "N-Acetyl" appears anywhere on the label, do
not buy it unless you are planning to use it exclusively for
arthritis or rheumatism. Remember to choose capsules instead of
tablets.

In addition, take an Epsom Salts bath (two cups or more in a tub of
hot water). It may be best not to use soap as there may be chemical
reactions that could be adverse. Soak it up through the skin for 20
minutes, and don't rinse off-and don't worry if the child drinks some
of the water. This bath has been shown to increase sulfur content of
the blood up to four times. Sleep is improved immediately, as the
child is relieved of pain and calmed.

I should mention that there is a small chance of magnesium toxicity.
Decreasing kidney function, common in the elderly, may prevent
magnesium from being excreted normally leading to a toxic condition.
Initially, symptoms include: drowsiness, lethargy and weakness. At
higher levels, nausea, vomiting, and serious arrhythmia (irregular
heart beat) may occur. If this be the cause of these symptoms, they
will disappear quickly once the use of magnesium bearing products is
discontinued. -Dr. Richard M. Ratzan, University of Connecticut
Health Center. This could only occur with very poor kidney function
for the toxic level is approximately 6000 mg daily. If there has been
any indication that the child's kidneys are not functioning fully
(possibly high creatinine levels), check with your doctor before
using magnesium (or potassium), and have him monitor
magnesium/potassium levels. Strive for high normal levels. Adequate
potassium stimulates the kidneys to excrete poisonous body wastes
(usually toxic protein acids from inadequate protein digestion).

Be sure to filter chlorine, fluoride, and other poisons from the
water you drink and bath in. Chlorine in bath water is breathed and
absorbed, especially from hot water. This is important as chlorine is
a deadly poison. It can produce fatigue and tiredness after the bath.
Industrial chemist, J.P. Bercz, Ph.D., showed in 1992 that
chlorinated water alters and destroys unsaturated essential fatty
acids (EFAs), the building blocks of people's brains and central
nervous systems. The compound hypochlorite, created when chlorine
mixes with water, generates excess free radicals; these oxidize EFAs,
turning them rancid. Both chlorine and fluoride inhibit the stomach's
ability to produce HCl, and impair the ability of beneficial flora to
grow in the gut. Do not buy a filter that uses silver as a
bactericide. It is known to leak into the water and elevate levels in
the blood dangerously.

While taking a warm shower or lounging in a hot tub filled with
chlorinated water one inhales chloroform. Even worse, warm water
opens the pores, causing the skin to act like a sponge. One will
absorb and inhale more chlorine in a 10-minute shower than by
drinking eight glasses of the same water. This irritates the eyes,
the sinuses, throat, skin and lungs, makes the hair and scalp dry,
worsening dandruff. It can weaken immunity. A window from the shower
room open to the outdoors removes chloroform from the shower room
air, but to prevent absorption of chlorine through the skin, a shower-
head that removes chlorine from shower water is a must. The
ShowerWise™ filter and shower head can be ordered for $69, plus two
filters $129. They last about one year. An extension hose can be used
to fill the tub with filtered water.

For those times when the bath is not convenient (camping), or when
one wants to increase the amount of magnesium, but bowels are
sensitive to it, one can have the benefits of the bath with a cream.
Kyle, for whom it was developed, prefers the cream. Rub 1/2 teaspoon
of the cream on the tender parts to obtain 250 mg magnesium. The
cream is especially formulated by Key Pharmacy, 1-800-878-1322 or 1-
416-633-2244, FAX: 1-416-633-3400. Ask for the Epsom Salts Cream. A 4
oz. jar for $29.89, plus shipping, has approximately 48 servings. All
ingredients seem safe for our children, for it contains fatty acids,
a form of lecithin, and magnesium sulfate. The use of the cream
should avoid the following possibility.

One researcher makes this observation, "I have no doubt that sulfate
is a substrate to feed (some strains of) candida. It probably takes
some energy from the SO4 form and excretes it as H2S, and robs the
energy it may be able to get from reducing the sulfur, excreting
toxic H2S." H2S is very foul smelling, so if an increased foul-
smelling gas is created in following these recommendations, you will
need to deal with the yeast overgrowth.

Sulfate is the most oxidized form of sulfur. It doesn't need to be
oxidized any more, so supplementing or bathing in sulfate supplies
what is lacking because of the body's inability to oxidize the sulfur
in foods. Oral sulfate will be poorly absorbed; so, supplement a gram
or more of sulfate each day. Some will get through. Supplementing
papain enhances absorption of sulfates. SAMe (SAM) is said to improve
sulfoxidation, in fact, it is necessary to the manufacture of all
sulfur-containing compounds in the body. Dr. Jeff Bradstreet, MD,
father of an autistic child, has this to offer: "If the child has an
unusual odor at night or their bedclothes do, or if they sweat while
asleep (PST defect), use methylsulfanylmethane (MSM), 1500 to 3000
mgs per day. In the study, 83% of autistic children were PST
abnormal, and MSM should help this. It did in our son's situation."