Adam Smith, who was considered a conservative by the way, was talking about equal opportunity to participate and reap the fruits of one's labor for all - not massive government programs that reward slackers.
In other words, if I till, plant and tend a garden and reap the fruits of all the produce and I have a neighbor who has the same opportunity but instead refuses to work, lets his land lie fallow and grows nothing, I do not owe him any of my produce and I resent any authority taking away any of my produce in order to give my lazy neighbor a share.