There is some real Science to glyconutrients, although M****tech's explanation lacks any scientific verification whatsoever. I suggest that you read Duane Lowe's messages on this forum for an excellent explanation. A lot of us on this forum are not fans of M****tech because of the ridiculous cost associated with their products and their flashy yet completetly unsupported explanation as to how these various polysaccharides work. The bottom line, however, is that they do work and they are a powerful immunity enhancer. In my opinion, the two most important ingredients are arabinogalactan and the aloe. Remember, the aloe is not your basic store brought aloe but a very sophisticated inner leaf gel extract that has some powerful benefits. The tragacanth and ghatti are not as important but I do believe that they add something to the mix. The rice flour and glucosamine are meaningless fillers. If your really interested in learning how to make it yourself for a fraction of the cost,then you can e-mail me.