atropha is a genus of approximately 175 succulent plants, shrubs and trees (some are deciduous, like Jatropha curcas), from the family Euphorbiaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ἰατρός (iatros), meaning "physician," and τροφή (trophe), meaning "nutrition," hence the common name physic nut. Mature plants produce separate male and female flowers. As with many members of the family Euphorbiaceae, Jatropha contains compounds that are highly toxic.
Goldman Sachs recently cited Jatropha curcas as one of the best candidates for future biodiesel production.[2] It is resistant to drought and pests, and produces seeds containing 27-40% oil,[3] averaging 34.4%.[4] The remaining press cake of jatropha seeds after oil extraction could also be considered for energy production[5]. However, despite its abundance and use as an oil and reclamation plant, none of the Jatropha species have been properly domesticated and, as a result, its productivity is variable, and the long-term impact of its large-scale use on soil quality and the environment is unknown.[6]
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