Yes, but when it gets to the point where you are inflammed and your body is producing an enormous amount of cortisol to combat it, then it is beyond a probiotic.
I know the date I was infected with a harmful bacteria, and within 15 days I had symptoms, within 45-60 days, I had bizarre symptoms. Over the next few months, it was the beginning of my nightmare.
So in my case, it was not just a simple gut bacteria imbalance.
There are cases of anxiety and other issues being cleared up with probiotics, and in some cases anti-biotics.