When evaluating a patient with suspected strongyloidiasis, other parasitic conditions should also be considered, including acute schistosomiasis (Katayama fever); ascariasis; amebiasis; human hookworm infection with Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus; zoonotic infection with Strongyloides myopotami, S procyonis, Ancylostoma braziliensis, or A caninum.
Nonparasitic conditions that are part of the differential diagnosis include polyarteritis nodosa[49] ; systemic lupus erythematosus; contact dermatitis; erythema annulare centrifugum; scabies; urticaria; anaphylaxis; drug reaction; Henoch-Schönlein purpura; eosinophilia; eosinophilic or bacterial gastroenteritis; malabsorption; malnutrition; upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding; peptic ulcer disease; transient pulmonary eosinophilic syndrome; pneumonia; meningitis; and sepsis and/or septic shock.
Strongyloides colitis is an easily curable yet potentially lethal mimic of ulcerative colitis.[50] Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion and be aware of gastrointestinal similarities with ulcerative colitis. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/229312-overview#showall