I used organic top soil (about 3 inches worth) that was already fertilized. Then added some trace minerals. My neighbor added some lime to the soil. For the fertilizer I used an organic 3 month supply I picked up from Lowes, can't remember the name and can't find it at online website, but it was a small brown container in granules about $8.95 for about a 16oz. Everything did well except for my spinich and peas, I think because I didn't space out my zuccinni far enough from them. For my first garden I am very pleased. I will do much better next year:)