Herbology level 2 lessons 1-4 (repost

Herbology level 2 lessons 1-4 (repost)

Body Systems and Herbology
Systems Herbology is the study of Medical Herbs as they apply to each part of the body that has similar function, for example the digestive system or the respiratory system.
We will start each section with an overview of a body system, what it consists of and how it works, then explain what can go wrong and how to heal it with herbs and other methods nutritional support

Understanding The Human Body
The human being is a complete unit formed by numerous cells undetected by the human eye. Cells group to form tissues (such as muscle or bone), and tissues group to form organs (such as the liver or heart). Certain organs assuming a similar function combine to form a body system (such as the respiratory system or circulatory system) Though the various systems assume
separate functions, they also interact, controlled by the nervous and the endocrine systems, there activity is complimentary any synergistic

The Sensory System
The Sensory system consists of the Eyes, Ears, Nose, Tongue, and the Skin. Each of these organs deals with one of the five senses, which are sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch. Skin will be covered fully in the next section titled Hair, Skin And nails.

.

The eyes
The eyes primarily control vision. Each eye associated structure consists of the eyeball and accessories. The eyeball is formed by the eyeball surface layers and the contents they enclose.
The surface layers, consists of the following:

I. External Layer:
1. The Cornea: a transparent membrane located anterior to the iris.
2. The Sclera: a non transparent covering over whites of the eye.

B. Middle Layer: The Middle layer contains a rich supply of blood vessels. It is divided into anterior, middle, and posterior parts as follows:
1 The Iris, this is the colored part of the eye, and in the center of the iris is the Pupil
The muscles of the iris are very flexible and are able to control the size of the pupil. In strong light, the pupil contracts; in weak light it dilates. This is called the Pupillar Reflex. In the presence of certain drugs, or during a critical illness, or after death, the pupils are wide open.
2. The central portion of the eye is the Ciliary Body.
3. The posterior part of the eye is the Choroid.
C. Inner Layer:
The Inner Layer contains the retina which has an abundant supply of nerve cells. The stimulation it receives is reflected to the cerebrum via the optic nerve to produce vision.
II. Contents of the:
A. Aqueous Humor fills up the space between the anterior and posterior chambers.
B. The Crystalline Lens located posterior to the iris as a double-convex elastic crystalline body.
C. The Vitreous Body is the gelatinous and transparent liquid that fills the space posterior to the crystalline lens.


Associated Structures of the Eye
1. The Orbit is a bony cavity containing the eyeball, Extrinsic muscle, blood vessels, nerves, lachrymal gland, fat and fasciae.
2. The Extrinsic ocular muscles: A total of six muscles that control eyeball movement in up, down, left and right directions.
3. The eyelid. Bordered with eyelashes along the edges. Where the upper and lower eyelids meet at both ends are the Inner Canthus on the nasal aspect, and the Outer Canthus on the
outer aspect. The sinal prominence on the inner canthus contains a tiny opening for the Lachrymal point.
4. The Bulbar Conjunctiva is a transparent membrane layer over the eyes. The membrane lining the eyelid is the Palpebral Conjunctiva. The connecting portion between these two membranes is called the Fornical Conjunctiva.
5. All our seeing of colors and fine detail is accomplished by the Cones. Cones can function only in good lighting. The Rods take over in dim light. The Rods are not sensitive to colors, so our seeing at night is almost completely in black and white.

Disorders of the Eye
The eyes can experience many types of problems which can affect the quality of life, some are self limiting like near or far sightedness, and others can end in complete loss of sight as in Glaucoma. Listed below are the most common eye disorders you are apt to see in a clinical setting.
1. Orbital Cellulitis: Inflammation of the orbital tissue caused by infection that extends from sinuses or teeth by metastatic spread, or bacteria introduced by trauma. Systems include extreme orbital pain, exophtalomos, impaired mobility of the eye, lid swelling, chemosis, fever and malaise. Possible complications are loss of vision from optic neuritis, trombophlebiteis of the orbital veins, the spread of the infection to the meniges and brain, and exophthalmos.
2.Exophthalomos (Proptosis): The protrusion of one or both eyeballs that results from orbital inflammation, edema, tumors, infection, injury or hyperthyroidism.
3. Blephritis: Inflammation of the eyelid margins with redness, thickening, and often the formation of scales and crusts or shallow marginal ulcers.
4. Hordeolum (sty): An acute localized pyogenic infection of one or more of the glands of Zess or Moll or of the Meibomian glands. (staphylococci is usually the culprit)
5. Chalazion: The chronic granulomatous enlargement of a Meibomian gland from occlusion of its duct, often follows a simple Sty.
6. Acute Conjunctivitis: An acute conjunctival inflammation, caused by viruses, allergy, or bacteria. Symptoms: conjunctiva is red or pink, lacrimation, and a creamy exudation.
7. Trachoma ( Granular Conjunctivitis): A chronic conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and characterized by progressive exacerbation's and remissions, with follicular subconjunctival hyperplasia, corneal vascularization, and cicatriztion of the conjunctiva, cornea, and lids.
8. Episcleritis: Inflammation of the episcleral tissues, usually localized. A red to purplish tender patch is present just under the conjunctiva; a yellow nodule may also be present. The condition is self-limited.
9. Scleritis: A deep, usually localized, inflammation of the scleral tissues, more purple in appearance then episcleritis. It may be associated with rheumatic disorders.
10. Superficial Punctate Keratitis: Sattered fine, punctate loss of epithelium from the corneal surface of one or both eyes, it is often associated with trachoma, staphylococcal blephartis, conjunctivitis or a upper respiratory infection.
11. Corneal Ulcer: A local necrosis of corneal tissue due to invasion by microorganisms.
12. Cataract: The development or degenerative opacity of the lens.
13. Vascular Retinopathy: The retinal hemorrhage, exudates, edema, ischemia, or infarction due to ocular or systemic vascular disorders.
14. Glaucoma: A disorder characterized by increased intraocular presser that may cause impaired vision, ranging from slight loss of sight to complete blindness.
15. Acute angle-closure Glaucoma: A disorder characterized by attacks of suddenly increased intraocular pressure, usually unilateral, with great pain and loss of vision, caused by acute obstruction of aqueous drainage within the eye.

Herbal Treatment for the Eye
The herbal formula given here is good for all eye disorders (acute or chronic). It is good for the whole eye and for the surrounding area. It should be taken internally and used as a eye wash. begin by making a tea, decoction, or 7th power concentrate (a alcohol extract should not be used as a eye wash because the alcohol may cause irritation). If you are going to use a 7 th power concentrate put 40 drops into 8oz of water, then proceed as with a tea or a decoction, as follows: fill a eye cup with the prepared formula and wash each eye, then discard what is left
in the eyecup, but drink the remainder of the 8oz of formula that was not used in the eye cup.
Do this 3 or 4 times a day until the problem is corrected.

The Eye Formula:
All the herbs are used in equal parts,(except cayenne) and the order in which they are listed is not in the order of importance.
1. Golden Seal (Hydrastis Canadensis)
2. Butcher's Broom (Ruscus Aculeatus)
3. Bayberry (Myrica Cerifera)
4. Bilberry (Vaccinium Myrtillus)
5. Eyebright (Euphrasia Officinalis)
6. 1/8 part Cayenne (Capsicum Frutescens)
In the case of a dis-order caused by another condition such as diabetes, or infection, it is proper to use another formula along with (but not in place of) the eye formula.






Seven
The Ear
The Ear controls hearing and the body's sense of equilibrium.
The Ear consists of:
1. The External Ear, this includes the Pinna and the External Auditory Meatus. The external meatus is the passageway extending from the outer opening to the middle ear.
2. The Middle Ear (which is a tympanic chamber). The Tympanic Membrane (the ear drum) serves as the external wall, and the Auditory Ossicles are located just inside of it. When sound waves come through the external auditory metus, the ear drum caused vibrations in the ossicles are transmitted to the Cochlea in the inner ear to produce the sensation of hearing.
3. The Inner Ear is a complex structure, comprised chiefly of a Vestibule, Semilunar Canals, and the Cochlea. It is responsible for hearing and the maintenance of body equilibrium.
If the external ear is stopped up (by infection or excessive ear wax), or the middle ear is damaged (by otitis media, perforated ear drum or ossicle damage), or the inner ear and the auditory and acoustic nerve (the 8th cranial nerve) are diseased, hearing is affected, to the effect that deafness may result.

Disorders of the Ear
1. Tinnitus: The perception of sound (ringing, clicking, etc.) in the absence of an acoustic stimulus.
2. Vertigo: An abnormal sensation of rotary movement associated with difficulty with balance, gait, and navigation in the environment.
3. External Otitis: An infection in the ear canal, either localized as with a boil or diffuse, involving the entire canal.
4. Acute Otitis Media: A bacterial or viral infection in the middle ear, usually secondary to upper respiratory infection. While it can occur at any age, it is most common in young children, particularly from 3 months to 3 years of age. Microorganisms may migrate from the Nasopharynx to the middle ear over the surface of the Eustachian tub mucous membrane.
5. Sudden Deafness: A severe senorineural hearing loss that usually occurs in only one ear and develops over a period of a few hours.
6. Presbycusis: The senorineural hearing loss that occurs as part of normal aging.

The Herbal Treatment for the Ear
I am going to describe Four Herbal Formulas that can be used for the ear. Two of these formulas will also be listed in other sections of this book, the reason for this is that some herbal formulas can be used for most if not all body systems.
1. For Infection: Garlic and Mullein Oil can be placed in the ear 1-3 drops (depending on the age) two times a day, this will fight the infection and stop the pain. It is made by putting two ounces each of mullein and garlic (burse the garlic cloves) into one pint of pure olive or vegetable oil, and placing it in a worm place loosely covered and let it soak for 5 days shaking vigorously two times a day, then strain and press through cloth.
2. Herbal Anti-Microbial formula: to be used internally in conjunction with the above formula or used alone. Use all equal parts of::
1. Burdock (Arctium Lappa)
2. Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale)
3. Goldenseal (Hydrastis Canadensis)
4. Chaparral (Larrea Tridentata)
5. Echinacea (Echinacea Angustifolia)
6. Black Walnut (Juglans Nigra)

3. Herbal nerve formula. in ear dis-functions it can be used for vertigo and hearing loss.
equal parts of:
1.Scullcap (Scutellaria)
2. Lobelia (Lobelia inflata)
3. Blue Vervain ( Verbena Hastata)
4. Blue Cohosh (Caulophyllium Thalictroides)
5. Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga Racemosa)

4. An Herbal formula for Vertigo
1. Ginkgo (Ginkgo Biloba)
2. Hawthorn (Crateguns Oxyacantha)
3. Ginseng (American- Panx Quinquefolium)
4. Hops (Humulus Lupulus)
5. Cloves (Eugenia Caryophyllata)







2
The Nose
The nose is primarily responsible for the sense of smell, though it also helps in the breathing function, by acting as a filter to clean the air you inhale before it reaches the lungs, also ensures that the air temperature is constant when it reaches the lungs.
1. The External Nose is cone shaped. At the base are the Anterior Nares; latterly are the Ala Nasi or wings of the nose. Just inside the nares are some stiff hairs.
2. The Nasal Cavity: the left and right Nasal Fossae are separated by the Nasal Septum. Beyond the Posterior Nares, they merge into the Naso Pharynx, where the upper, middle and lower Conchae form the lateral walls. As the uppermost part of the respiratory passage, the nasal cavity can warm, moisten, filter and disinfect the air.
3. Paransal Sinuses. Are air spaces in the cranial bones that open into the nasal cavity. The parasanal sinuses are lined by one continuous membrane (the mucus membrane). The paranasal sinuses are the Maxillary Sinus, the Ethmoidal Air Cells, and the paired Frontal and Sphenoidal sinuses. Inflammation of the upper respiratory tract can easily cause infection of these sinuses.

Disorders of the Nose
1.Rhinitis: Rhinitis is the most frequent of the upper respiratory infections, characterized by edema and vasodilatation of the nasal mucous membrane, nasal discharge and obstruction.
2. Sinusitis: An inflammatory process in the paranasal sinuses due to viral, bacterial, and fungal infections or allergic reactions.
A Herbal formula for all Nasal disorders. Use equal parts of:
1. Mullein (Verbscum thapsus)
2. Horseradish (Cochleria Armoracia)
3.Sage (Salvia Officinalis)
4. Feverfew (Chrysanthemum Parthenium)
5. Marshmallow (Althaea Officinalis)

The Tongue
The tongue is a muscular tissue located inside the oral cavity, is responsible chiefly for the control of taste. On the surface of the tongue are many Taste Buds that can discern the various flavors of food and stimulate gastric secretion. Furthermore, the activity of the tongue is important for mastication, swallowing, and talking. On the under surface of the tongue is a fold (the Frenum Lingae) if this fold is to short, it can effect the clarity of speech.
The following Herbal formula is good for all mouth, gum, and tongue problems, and infections. It is used in cut or powered form that is placed on the effected part for as long as possible three or four times a day. Example: for gum dis-ease; place the formula between the lip and gum and leave it in place for a hour three times a day.
A Herbal Formula for the Mouth, Teeth, Tongue, and Gums
Equal parts of:
1. White Oak Bark (Quercus Alba)
2. Barberry (Berberis Vulgaris)
3.Black Walnut (Juglans Nigra)
4. Sage (Salvia Officinalis)
5. Red Raspberry (Rubus Idaeus)
This same formula can be mixed with spearmint oil (this is made as is the garlic and mullein oil) to make a wonderful toothpaste, that cleans the teeth and gums.


The Pharynx
The Pharynx is the upper portion of the respiratory tract and the digestive tract at the same time. Superiorly, the pharynx joins the nasal cavity; inferiorly, the alimentary canal.. Anteriorly, it opens into the nose, mouth, and larynx, to be designated as the Nasopharynx, the Oropharynx and the Pharyngolarynx. Along both sides of the Oropharynx the Tonsils, and between the tonsils is the Uvula. The Pharynx also plays a role in the tasting and swallowing function. Furthermore, the Laryngopharynx also aids respiration, and aids in the enunciation of speech.
Disorders of the Pharynx
1. Pharyngitis: Acute inflammation of the Pharynx, usually viral in origin.
2. Tonsillitis: Acute inflammation of the Palatine Tonsils, usually due to streptococcal or less commonly, viral infection.
3. Peritonsillar Cellulitis and Abscess: An acute inflammation located between the tonsil and the superior Pharyngeal constrictor muscle.


The Larynx
The Larynx, located at the anterior and upper part of the neck, is formed by several small cartilages. Superiorly, it connects with the Pharyngolarynx, inferiorly, with the trachea. The Vocal Cords are a pair of membranous cords that produce the sound of the voice. Furthermore, the larynx is also a passageway for respiration.
Disorders of the Larynx
1.Larynigitis: Inflammation of the Larynx.
2. Laryngoceles: Evaginations of the mucous membrane of the laryngeal ventricle.


A Herbal Formula for all Pharynx and Larynx disorders
Use equal parts of:
1. Stinging Nettle (Urtica Dioica)
2. White Oak Bark (Quercus Alba)
3. Bar Berry (Brberis Vulgaris)
4. White Pine Bark (Pinus Strobus)
5. Sage (Salvia Officinalis)
A special note; This Herbal formula is also very good for Strep Throat and Diphtheria, in the case of either of these dis-eases it is best used in conjunction with the Herbal Anti-Microbial formula that is listed below.

Herbal Anti-Microbial Formula:
1. Burdock (Arctium Lappa)
2. Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale)
3. Goldenseal (Hydrastis Canadensis)
4. Chaparral (Larrea Tridentata)
5. Echinacea (Echinacea Angustifolia)
6. Black Walnut (Juglans Nigra)


3
The Hair, Skin and Nails
The Skin is a soft and quite elastic tissue, with a coloring that varies in different races of people. The Skin collaring can vary at deferent body locations.
The Skin is formed by three layers:
1. The surface layer called the Epithelium.
2. The middle layer called the Derma.
3. The bottom layer called the Tela Subcutanea
Sweat Glands, Sebaceous Glands, Hair and Nails are all accessories of the skin. Large sweat glands are found under the armpits, around the naval, genital and anal areas.
sensory nerves and receptors are found though out the skin, functioning chiefly to control the sense of touch, temperature and pain. Itchiness is a touch (tactile) sensation, is a chief symptom of diseases.
Besides its tactile function, other functions of the skin are body protection (unbroken skin protects the body from microbial invasion) , body temperature regulation, absorption, transportation, metabolism, respiration and excretion.

Disorders of the Skin
1. Puritus: A sensation that the patient instinctively attempts to relieve by scratching.
2. Dermatitis (eczema): The superficial inflammation of the skin, characterized by vesicles (when acute), redness, edema, oozing, crusting, scaling, and usually itching.
3. Contact Dermatitis: An acute or cronic inflammation, often sharply demarcated by substances in contact with the skin.
4. Atopic Dermatitis: A cronic, itching, superficial inflammation of the skin, usually occurring in individuals with a personal or family history of allergic disorders.
5. Folliculitis: A superficial or deep bacterial infection and irritation of the hair follicles.
6. Furuncles (boils) A acute, tender, perifollicular inflammatory nodules resulting from infection by staphylococci.
7. Carbuncles: A cluster of furuncles with the spread in infection subcyutaneously, resulting in deep suppuration, often extensive local sloughing, slow healing, and a large scar.
8. Scabies: A transmissible parasitic skin infection, characterized by superficial burrows, intense Puritus, and secondary infection.
9. Warts (verrucae): A common, contagious, epithelial tumors caused by one of many human papilloma virus (hpv), some of which can become malignant.
10. Ringworm: A superficial infection caused by a Dermatophytes ( a fungi that invades only dead skin).
11.Acne: A common inflammatory pilosebaceous disease characterized by comedones, papules pustules, inflamed nodules, superficial pus-filled cysts.
12. Psoriasis: A common chronic and recurrent disease characterized by dry, well-circumscribed, scaling papules and plaques of various sizes.
13. Herpes: A recurrent viral infection characterized by a appearance on the skin or mucus membranes of single or multiple clusters of small vesicles, filled with clear fluid, on slightly raised basses.

Herbal Formulas for the Skin
The Skin being the largest organ in the body, and the body's first line of defense is subject to many troubles, and for this reason we will list five formulas for it. At the risk of being redundant I will list the same formulas through out this book when the are applicable to the subject being discussed. Some Formulas, as with the anti microbial formula can be applied to any dis-ease where a microbial involvement is suspected, alone or with other formulas.
The Formulas for the Skin can be used internally (except comfrey paste) and externally as a Salve or as a Fomentation. To make and use a fomentation we prepare a tea of the desired formula, or put 40 drops of a extract or 7th power concentrate of the desired formula onto a cup of warm water, next soak a clean lent free cloth with the so prepared formula and apply it to the area to be treated, and leave it there for 30 minutes, adding more herbal formula as needed to keep it wet. do this three or four times a day, in conjunction with internal use of the correct herbal formula. A Salve can be made form the desired herbal formula and used three or four times a day by applying it to the area to be treated and covering with a clean lent free cloth.

1. Anti Microbial Formula
1. Black Walnut (Junglans Nigra)
2. Burdock (Arctium Lappa)
3. Chaparral (Larrea Divaricata)
4. Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale)
5. Echinacea (Echinacea Augustifolia)
6. Golden Seal (Hydrastis Canadensis)

2. Comfrey Paste
Comfrey Paste is used for burns or cuts, before infection and after the bleeding is stopped.
To use Comfrey Paste; apply it to the area to be treated one time a day until the healing is complete. When reapplying comfrey paste to the wound, never remove the comfrey paste that is there, just add more. Comfrey Paste is very healing and you will be amazed at what you see.
To make Comfrey Paste; start with equal parts of Wheat Germ Oil and Honey, to this mix add enough powdered Comfrey Root to make a very lose paste. Comfrey will thicken so add a little at a time or it will get to thick.

3.Hair-Skin-Nails
This Formula is a general maintenance and repair Herbal Combination.
1. Horsetail (Equisetum Arvense)
2. Sage (Salvia Officinalis)
3. Burdock (Arctium Lappa)
4. Marigold (Calendula Officinalis)
5. Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa)

4.Bites-insect,snake,anamal and Poison plants.
Use this Herbal Formula externally and internally.
1. White Oak Bark (Quercus Alba)
2. Plantain (Plantago Major)

5. Bleeding and Bruises
This Herbal Formula will stop external bleeding in as little as fifteen seconds, internal bleeding in as little as fifteen minutes. It will be listed more then once in this book. For External hemorrhage or for bruises use it topical as a powder (probably the best way) or as a fomentation, and internally. For internal hemorrhage, use it internally only.

1.Cromfrey (Symphytum Officinale)
2. White Oak (Quercus Alba)
3. Cayenne (Capsicum Frutescens)
4. Yarrow (Achillea Millefolium)
5. Cranesbill (Geranium Maculatum)

6. A Herbal Formula for Hives
1. white Oak (Quercus Alba)
2. Mullein (Verbascum Thapsus)
3. Sting Nettle (Urtica Dioica)
4. Ephedra (Ephedra Gerardiana)
5. Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale)

7. A Herbal Formula to restore hair and hair color
Use internally and as a rinse after washing the hair, and as a fomentation.
Sage (Salva Officinalis)
Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis)
Yarrow (Achillea Millefolium)
Damiana (Turnera Aphrodisiaca)
Bilberry (Vaccinium Myrtillus)



4
The Nervous System
The Nervous System controls the coordination and synergistic activity of all organs in the body, provides appropriate reactions to environmental stimuli, in order to maintain the relative balance between man and the outside environment, and thus assure the normal course of life activities. The nervous system includes the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous System. The Central Nervous System includes the Brain and Spinal Cord, and it is the important component that controls various activities of the body. The Peripheral Nervous System refers to the cranial nerves that originate from the brain and the various spinal nerves that emit from the spinal cord. Afferent Nerves in the peripheral system conduct sensations from inside and outside the body back to the Efferent nerves to coordinate various body activities, so that the appropriate organs can adapt to needs of the body at that time and produce a suitable reaction.

The Brain and the Cranial Nerves
1. The Brain: The Brain is located inside the Cranial cavity, it is divided into the Cerebrum, the Diencephalon, the Midbrain, The Cerebellum, the Pons, and the Oblongata.
A. The Cerebrum which occupies most of the brain is divided into the left and right hemispheres. The hemispheres contain Gray Matter (the cerebral cortex), and White Matter. Furthermore, such body activities and sensations as cold, heat, pain, vision, hearing, and taste all depend on functional reflexes of the cerebrum. If one side is damaged (as in a stroke), it can cause motor disturbance (paralysis) in extremities on the opposite side, and related sensations will be affected. When the brain encounters a severe vibration (concussion), or infection (encephalitis), coma will set in severe cases.
B. The Cerebellum is located under the cerebrum in the posterior part of the brain. Its chef function is maintaining the posterior part of the brain. Its chief function is maintaining balance in body position and coordination of body activity.

C. The Medulla Oblongata, also called the Myelencephalon, is located under the Cerebellum Anteriorly, and connects superiorly with the Pons. Its chief function is control of body activity such as respiration, cardiovascular activity, and digestion.
2. Cranial Nerves: Originating from the brain are 12 pairs of Cranial Nerves, some of them controlling receptor activity, facial expression, and cardiac action. The Cranial Nerves are Peripheral Nerves.

The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerve
1. The Spinal Cord is located inside the Spinal Column, and classified as Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar and Sacral parts. Except for the head and face, connections between the brain and all other body parts must go through the Spinal Cord. Therefore, Spinal Cord damage can disrupt connections between the brain, and related body parts and cause disturbance in motor activity and / or tactile sensations.
2. The Spinal Nerves: A total of 31 pairs, originate from various points along both sides of the Spinal Cord. On the surface of the brain and spinal cord are three membranous layers. Between layers is a transparent fluid called Spinal Fluid. Examination of the Spinal Fluid has definite reference value in the diagnosis of certain nerve-related dis-eases.


The Vegetative Nervous System
The Vegetative Nervous System originates from the spinal cord, the medulla oblongata, and midbrain. Its chief function is control of visceral activity. The nerves are divided into Sympathetic or Parasympathetic nerves. Though both these types are found in the same organ, they generate different effects. If the Sympathetic nerve is exerting a tonic action on the heart, and the Parasympathetic nerve is exerting an opposite action, the two are complementing each other in a paradoxical sort of coordination.

The Neuron (What Nerves are made of)
A Nerve Cell is a grayish blob of tissue from which protrude several short gray fibers DENDRITES, and one longer whitish fiber, an AXON. Both the dendrites and the axon resemble ropes with there ends frayed. Dendrites register impulses coming into the central blob of the neuron; an axon picks up the incoming impulses and carries them away. All nerve cords are made up of the single strands of many axons, which my reach lengths of several feet.
Myelin
A normal axon usually has a fatty coating of insulation called MYELIN. The myelin acts as insulation and if it is compromised it cannot carry impulses to and from the brain.

Synapse, Ganglion, and the Plexus
When a nerve impulse, traveling away from the neuron's central part, reaches the ends of an axon, it meets a gap that it must to get to the tentacle like dendrites of the next neuron. The gap is called a SYNAPSE. At certain points in the body a great many nerve cell bodies and branches are packed closely together, with a resulting profusion of interwoven axons, dendrites, and synapses. Such a concentration of nervous tissue is called a GANGLION, or a PLEXUS.

Disorders of the Nervous System
1. Cerebral Palsy: A loose descriptive term applied to a number of non-progressive motor disorders resulting from gestational or perinatal Central Nervous System (CNS) damage and characterized by an impairment of voluntary movement.
2. Bell's Palsy: Idiopathic unilateral facial paralysis of sudden onset.
3. Peripheral Neuropathy: A syndrome of sensory, motor, reflex, and vasomotor symptoms, singly or in any combination, produced by disease of a single nerve.
4. Multiple Sclerosis: A slowly progressive CNS disease characterized by disseminated patches demyelination in the brain and spinal cord, resulting in multiple and varied neuologic symptoms and signs, usually with remissions and exacerbations.
5. Tics: Brief and involuntary movements, often resembling fragments of normal behavior.
6. Parkinson's Disease: An idiopathic, slowly progressive, degenerative CNS disorder with four characteristic features: 1. Slowness and poverty of movement, 2. Muscular rigidity, 3. Resting tremor, 4. and Postural instability.
7. Epilepsy: A recurrent paroxysmal disorder of cerebral function characterized by sudden, brief attacks of altered consciousness, motor activity, sensory phenomena, or inappropriate behavior.
8. Insomnia: Difficulty in sleeping, or disturbed sleep patterns leaving the perception of insufficient sleep.
9. Meningitis: Inflammation of the Meninges of the brain or spinal cord. The offending agent could be bacterial infection or viral infection (if it is viral infection it is called Encephalitis).
10. Dementia (in older folks it is refereed to as Alzheimer disease): A structurally caused permanent or progressive decline in several dimensions of intellectual function that interferes substantially with the individual's normal social or economic activity.
11. Anxiety: A sate of mild-to- severe apprehension, often without specific cause, resulting in body changes such as quickened heartbeat and sweat.
12. Post-concussion Syndrome: A syndrome including a wide variety of symptoms such as headaches and complaints of impaired memory, although no defect can be demonstrated objectively.




Herbal Formulas For the Nervous System
1.For Epilepsy
1. Wood Betony (Betonica Officinalis)
2. Valerian (Valeriana Officinalis)
3. Lobelia (Lobelia Inflata)
4. Lady's Slipper (Cypripedium Pubescens)
5. Rue (Ruta Graveolens)

2. For Nerve Regeneration
1. Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga Racemosa)
2. Blue Cohosh (Caulophyiium Thalictroides)
3. Blue Vervain (Verbena Hastata)
4. Lobelia (Lobelia Inflata)
5. Scullcap (Scutellaria Lateriflora)
6. Damiana (Turnera Aphrodisiaca)

3. For Stress or Insomnia
1.Scullcap (Scutellaria Lateriflora)
2. Valerian (Valeriana Officinalis)
3. Lady's Slipper ( Cypripedium Pubescens)
4. Hops (Humulus Lupulus)
5. Mullein (Verbascum Thapsus)

4. A Herbal Formula for Dementia
1.Ginkgo (Ginkgo Biloba)
2. Gotu Kola (Hydrocotyle Asiatica)
3. Hawthorn (Crategnus Oxyacantha)
4. Butcher's Broom (Ruscus Aculeatus)
5. Lily of the Valley (Convallaria Majalis)
6. Hydrangea (Hydrangea Arborescens)

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