Equilibrium of the Universe in short

 
The equilibrium of the universe is referred to in the following short Ayat (Verse):

Surah 55, Ayah 5-7 "The sun and the moon follow courses (exactly) computed; And the star and the trees - both  (alike) bow in adoration. And the Firmament has He raised high, and He has set up the Balance (of Justice)"

In the great mathematical universe, there are great mathematical laws that require calculations. We now understand that these Ayat refer to the laws discovered by Kepler and Newton. These laws bear witness to Allah’s Wisdom and also His favors to His creatures. We all benefit from the energy and light, the seasons, and the numerous changes in the tides and the atmosphere. Quranic commentators interpret the balance in the above Ayah as one of the following:
 
1. Balance of Justice between humans.
2. The heavens themselves are sustained by Divine equilibrium.
3. The sun enters the Constellation Libra (the balance) at the middle of the zodiacal year.
 
The divine equilibrium of the skies discovered by Newton in 1687 had not been realized in the seventh century. Yet the Creator of equilibrium revealed one of His favors to humanity. The equilibrium of the stars and planets requires an orbital motion that each should follow. Therefore, in other Chapters in the Quran, a clear mention of the orbital motion is presented:

Surah 21, Ayah 33 "It is He Who created the night and the day, and the sun and the moon: All (celestial bodies) swim along, each in its rounded course (orbit)."
 
Surah 36, Ayah 40 "It is not permitted to the sun to catch up the moon, nor the night outstrips the day: Each (just) swims along in (its own) orbit (according to Law)"

The orbital motion of all celestial objects is repeated twice in the above Ayat for emphasis. These orbital motions of stars and planets are described as "swimming" through space with perfectly smooth motion. Swimming is "the action of propelling oneself by means of the movements of the body." This perfect description of celestial motion by the action of swimming indicates that heavenly objects have two motions: one is moving forward, and a second motion of the body around itself. This second motion is the rotation of the stars and planets about an internal axis. It is quite impossible that someone in the seventh century, even if he had all the knowledge of his time, to use such an expression "swim in orbits" to describe the motion of stars and planets.
 
Who told Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) this? It is ( indeed from ) the Only One that Knows. It is The Almighty Himself, the Creator of orbits, and everything else.

Source : Chapter 9 of  "History of Truth - The Truth about God and Religions" Book.
http://www.usislam.org/94solar.htm