Lets talk about real freedom of speech

Last Updated: Monday, 20 February 2006, 20:19 GMT

David Irving arrived at court carrying a copy of one of his books
British historian David Irving has been found guilty in Vienna of
denying the Holocaust of European Jewry and sentenced to three years
in prison.

He had pleaded guilty to the charge, based on a speech and interview
he gave in Austria in 1989.

"I made a mistake when I said there were no gas chambers at
Auschwitz," he told the court in the Austrian capital.

Irving appeared stunned by the sentence, and told reporters: "I'm very
shocked and I'm going to appeal."

An unidentified onlooker told him: "Stay strong!"

Irving's lawyer said he considered the verdict "a little too stringent".

"I would say it's a bit of a message trial," said Elmar Kresbach.

Karen Pollock, chief executive of the UK's Holocaust Educational Trust
welcomed the verdict. "Holocaust denial is anti-Semitism dressed up as
intellectual debate. It should be regarded as such and treated as
such," Ms Pollock told the BBC News website.

But the author and academic Deborah Lipstadt, who Irving
unsuccessfully sued for libel in the UK in 2000 over claims that he
was a Holocaust denier, said she was dismayed.

"I am not happy when censorship wins, and I don't believe in winning
battles via censorship... The way of fighting Holocaust deniers is
with history and with truth," she told the BBC News website.


I'm not an expert on the Holocaust
David Irving

In quotes: Reaction

Fears that the court case would provoke right-wing demonstrations and
counter-protests did not materialise, the BBC's Ben Brown at the court
in Vienna said.

Irving arrived in the court room handcuffed, wearing a blue suit, and
carrying a copy of Hitler's War, one of many books he has written on
the Nazis, and which challenges the extent of the Holocaust.

Irving was arrested in Austria in November, on a warrant dating back
to 1989, when he gave a speech and interview denying the existence of
gas chambers at Auschwitz.

He was stopped by police on a motorway in southern Austria, where he
was visiting to give a lecture to a far-right student fraternity. He
has been held in custody since then.

'I've changed'

During the one-day trial, he was questioned by the prosecutor and
chief judge, and answered questions in fluent German.

He admitted that in 1989 he had denied that Nazi Germany had killed
millions of Jews. He said this is what he believed, until he later saw
the personal files of Adolf Eichmann, the chief organiser of the
Holocaust.

"I said that then based on my knowledge at the time, but by 1991 when
I came across the Eichmann papers, I wasn't saying that anymore and I
wouldn't say that now," Irving told the court.

"The Nazis did murder millions of Jews."

In the past, he had claimed that Adolf Hitler knew little, if
anything, about the Holocaust, and that the gas chambers were a hoax.


COUNTRIES WITH LAWS AGAINST HOLOCAUST DENIAL
Austria
Belgium
Czech Republic
France
Germany
Israel
Lithuania
Poland
Romania
Slovakia
Switzerland

Timeline: David Irving
Denying the Holocaust

The judge in his 2000 libel trial declared him "an active Holocaust
denier... anti-Semitic and racist".

On Monday, before the trial began, he told reporters: "I'm not a
Holocaust denier. Obviously, I've changed my views.

"History is a constantly growing tree - the more you know, the more
documents become available, the more you learn, and I have learned a
lot since 1989."

Asked how many Jews were killed by Nazis, he replied: "I don't know
the figures. I'm not an expert on the Holocaust."

Of his guilty plea, he told reporters: "I have no choice."

He said it was "ridiculous" that he was being tried for expressing an
opinion.

"Of course it's a question of freedom of speech... I think within 12
months this law will have vanished from the Austrian statute book," he
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