My opinion (guess) is that the top picture is mucous or mucoid plaque that may be as a result of an infection. The pictures below that would appear to be a nematode of some type.
Treatments for nematodes are pretty much the same. Mattk has a pdf that outlines many prescription approaches. I removed roundworm with neem, boswellia, myrrh and oil of oregano (enteric coated from NOW). The rest I believe were from Nature's Way. I cannot remember exact dosages.