In the study, it showed a 90% effectiveness in vitro (petri dish). I've seen studies of other herbs or essential oils that have 100% effectiveness in vitro, but in the body, it didn't work quite the same. A study on peppermint oil was 100% effective at inhibiting candida growth, but when I recommend it for thrush, it seldom works. When everything else that takes place in the body is added to the equation, the results can change quite a bit. With undecenoic acid, it's a fatty acid, and candida needs fatty acids for fungal growth. I haven't seen where it needs the components of gymnema.