DO NOT take Oure Gum Spirits Turpentine internally, this is VERY DANGEROUS, can actually be DEADLY!!! The Turpentine in Pure gum spirits IS NOT the same as that found in Red Pine Needle Oil, specifically 'Pinus Densiflora". The oil of the Pinus Densiflora is the ONLY form of plant based Turpentine that can safely be taken internally, and the ONLY one approved by the USDA for internal use. All other forms of turpentine are HIGHLY TOXIC when ingested or even inhaled into the lungs. This is why the Japanese Red Pine Oil / Pinus Densiflora oil is so expensive, it is very rare and very precious. You can contact the USDA for clarification of what I am posting. Any doctor, whether Western, Eastern, Naturopathic, etc.. will tell you the same. Be careful ya'll, lots of dangerous info being propagated out there, peace.