Well all I know is that a few months ago I began to have extreme signs of high estrogen, including itchy/puffy/painful nipples (gynecomastia), voice getting higher, zero sex drive, etc. This all happened about 2 months after I had begun eating lots of almonds every day. In a panic, I searched to find out what could possibly be causing the high estrogen, and came upon a few articles about almonds and raised estrogen. I cut down the almonds, started on some anti-estrogen supplements, and have seen great improvements since then. So I don't see what else could have been causing it.