There seems to be the possibility of some flip flopping between chlorine dioxide and the chlorite ion. Under certain conditions, the chlorite ion can revert back to chlorine dioxide. If the chlorite ion was in the lung, and if it converted back to chlorine dioxide, we could have a case where chlorine dioxide gas could cause lung damage through the ingestion of the chlorite ion.
I don't know if this is possible or not. I will have to find someone trained in body functions and chemistry and ask them.