The problem stems from sexually troubled, aggressive, angry, vindictive parents doing the spanking. That is not discipline, it's using the kid as an escape goat. There's no avoiding the results of more aggressive and sexually screwed up people when spanking is done by dysfunctional nut jobs instead of a concerned and loving parent. Since most people who are truly screwed up don't know they are, it's best to find some other more genuine form of discipline.
The problem is in the parents' underlying motives.