I'm not a biochemist, but from the little I read and know:
Multidrug resistance in cancer is expressed by a phospho-glycoprotein blood transporter. This P-glycoprotein transporter is capable of detecting and ejecting drugs as they cross the plasma membrane, and before they enter the cytoplasm. There are other members of this family of multidrug resistance-associated proteins.
This phenomenon exists with regards to viruses as well, such as the Aids Virus for example.
The important point to remember is that they can cause resistance to a host of drugs including natural chemotherapeutic substances.