Olive oil is a triacylglyceride (or trigliceride)
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2H–C–O-CO-R
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H–C–O-CO-R
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2H–C–O-CO-R
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Where R represents the rest of the chain.
Saturated fatty acid has no double bonds : they are all like this -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
Unsaturated fatty acid contains double bonds -CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CH3
a mono unsaturated fat contains only 1 double bond -CH2-CH=CH-CH3
a Polyunsaturated fat will contain 2 or more double bonds -CH2-CH=CH-CH=CH-CH3
Hydrogenation does not remove Oxygen, but rather it removes the double bond and converts it
into a single bond by adding a hydrogen
-CH2-CH=CH-CH3 + H2 -----------> -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
Fatty acids are not carbohydrates or minerals, and they do not buffer acids
We have several buffering mechanisms, these include phosphate buffering system, carbonate, Lactate.
A buffer is a solution containing a weak acid and its conjugate base (like acetic acid; Ac-H and Ac- ) or a Base and its conjugate acid like Ammonia and Ammonium (NH3 and NH4+)
Carbohydrates – provide a good source of energy. Typically divided into simple (mono or disaccharides) and complex carbohydrates. Though a more functional approach is to classify them by the glycemic index, their effect on blood glucose.
White
Sugar (sucrose), is a simple carbohydrate (disaccharide) with a high glycemic value of 65, BSM with a glycemic index of 47 also has a relatively medium index (comparable to spongecake at 46) and will also raise your blood
Sugar level. Both are processed sugars and should not be greatly included in the diet.
Both carbohydrates and fats provide the body with energy. The body uses breaks down carbohydrates (catabolized) to produce ATP with the body uses for energy. Cells have to do this because other methods of generation energy (high pressure, high heats, radiation) would kill the cell.
The cell then uses the energy from the ATP---> ADP conversion for cell division, DNA replication, translation and transcription.
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookmito.html
It also uses the energy from this to create potential differences in the cell with ion pumps
http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-37382
Finally salmon is not a source of carbohydrates. It is a source of minerals, fats/oils and proteins. Raw fish also contains thiaminase so it should not be consumed in great quantities.