My first guess would be mucoid plaque that is being released. The reason is that parasites (nematodes, trematodes) have distinctive shapes. Nematodes (worms) generally show tapered heads or tails and a round body that is symmetrical.

Tapeworms generally do not come out whole but rather in pieces and have distinctive bodies. Signs of white rice in the stool are the ova that the tapes produce.

Trematodes (flukes) have distinctive shapes as well which you can google image. Many people report seeing 'rolled up tomato skins' in their stools.

Of course the lack of visual presence does not mean that you do not have parasites. There are many pathogens that can inhabit the gut including protozoa parasites which you can not visually see, pathogenic bacteria, yeast/fungal strains and viral situations.

Any infection releases the immune system and with this release you become sick. Leaky gut arises from the active immune system which pokes holes in the gastrointestinal wall which allow proteins to enter the blood stream causing more inflammation.

Infections also damage the natural flora of the gut which causes problems (inflammation etc) which causes undigested foods.

The trick is figuring out what the offending pathogen is so you can direct specific treatments. Some use bombing techniques which means you bomb now and ask questions later. When I bomb I use wide spectrum products, for instance neem is capable of killing a number of different groups of pathogens. Caprylic acid, black seed, garlic are others.