Possibly Effective: |
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ACETYL-L-CARNITINE
Alzheimer's disease
Acetyl-L-carnitine might slow the rate of disease progression, improve
memory, and improve some measures of cognitive function and behavioral
performance in some patients with Alzheimer's disease. It is more likely to
show some effect in those with early onset Alzheimer's disease who are less
than 66 years of age and have a faster rate of disease progression and
mental decline. Acetyl-L-carnitine has not been compared with cholinesterase
inhibitors such as donepezil (Aricept)..
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IDEBENONE
Alzheimer's disease
There's some evidence that taking idebenone orally slows cognitive function
decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Idebenone appears most
effective in patients with moderately severe Alzheimer's disease, based on
standard Alzheimer's disease rating scales.
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LEMON
BALM
Alzheimer's disease
Taking a standardized extract of lemon balm orally, daily for 4 months,
seems to reduce agitation and improve symptoms of mild to moderate
Alzheimer's disease on standard Alzheimer's disease rating scales.
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PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE
Alzheimer's disease
Taking phosphatidylserine orally can increase cognitive function, global
improvement rating scales, and improve behavioral rating scales over 6-12
weeks of treatment. Phosphatidylserine seems to be most effective in
patients with less severe symptoms. Phosphatidylserine might lose its
effectiveness with extended use. After 16 weeks of treatment, progression of
Alzheimer's disease seems to overcome any benefit of phosphatidylserine.
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SAGE
Alzheimer's disease
Taking extracts of Salvia officinalis and Salvia lavandulaefolia orally seem
to improve cognitive function in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's
disease when used for up to 4 months.
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VITAMIN
E
Alzheimer's disease
There's some evidence that all-rac-alpha-tocopherol (synthetic vitamin E)
2000 IU per day is similar to selegiline (Eldepryl),, and superior to
placebo for slowing cognitive function decline in patients with moderately
severe Alzheimer's disease. There appears to be no additive effect when
vitamin E is used in combination with selegiline (Eldepryl) . Additionally,
long-term use of vitamin E and vitamin C supplements, and in combination in
doses higher than those typically found in multivitamins, is associated with
a reduced prevalence and incidence of Alzheimer's disease. Other research,
however, suggests that taking vitamin E from dietary sources or as a
supplement doesn't affect the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease or
vascular dementia.
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Possibly Ineffective: |
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5-HTP
Alzheimer's disease
Taking 5-HTP orally doesn't seem to improve symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.
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BETA-CAROTENE
Alzheimer's disease
Intake of dietary or supplemental beta-carotene doesn't seem to have any
effect on Alzheimer's disease risk.
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DHEA
Alzheimer's disease
Taking DHEA orally for 6 months does not appear to be any more effective
than placebo for improving symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.
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INOSITOL
Alzheimer's disease
Taking inositol orally doesn't seem to improve symptoms of Alzheimer's
disease.
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VITAMIN
C (ASCORBIC ACID)
Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia
Consuming vitamin C from dietary sources, as a supplement alone, or in
combination with vitamin E, doesn't seem to affect the risk of developing
Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia. However, some epidemiological
research suggests that long-term use of vitamin C and vitamin E supplements
in combination, and in higher doses than typically found in multivitamins,
is associated with a reduced prevalence and incidence of Alzheimer's
disease.
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Likely Ineffective: |
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CHOLINE
Alzheimer's disease
Taking choline orally does not reduce symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.
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DEANOL
Alzheimer's disease
Taking deanol orally doesn't seem to improve symptoms Alzheimer's disease.
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LECITHIN
Alzheimer's disease and dementia
Taking lecithin orally doesn't improve symptoms of dementia and Alzheimer's
disease.
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N-ACETYL
CYSTEINE
Alzheimer's disease
Taking N-acetyl cysteine orally doesn't improve symptoms of Alzheimer's
disease.
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Insufficient Reliable Evidence
to Rate: |
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BEER
Alzheimer's disease
There is preliminary evidence that suggests one to two alcoholic drinks per
day can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease in both men and women
compared to non-drinkers.
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WINE
Alzheimer's disease
There is some evidence that 1 to 2 drinks per day can reduce the risk of
developing Alzheimer's disease in both men and women compared with
non-drinkers.
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ZINC
Alzheimer's disease
Preliminary clinical evidence has shown a modest slowing of cognitive
decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease who take zinc supplements.
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