So where is it? Where's the peanut oil? In the adjuvant! Or in the media. by #109814 .....
Since the "adjuvant" is not an active ingredient, the ingredients of this ingredient does not have to be listed on the package insert and it is considered a "trade secret" so they don't have to tell you that peanut oil is in your vaccine!
Date: 1/18/2009 3:27:24 PM ( 15 y ago)
So where is it? Where's the peanut oil? In the adjuvant! Or in the media. See below: |
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INFANRIX® Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Adsorbed Each 0.5-mL dose also contains 4.5 mg of NaCl, and aluminum adjuvant (not more than 0.625 mg aluminum by assay).
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PEDIARIX® [Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Adsorbed, Hepatitis B (Recombinant) and Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine Combined] Each 0.5-mL dose also contains 4.5 mg of NaCl and aluminum adjuvant (not more than 0.85 mg aluminum by assay).
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Each dose of the vaccine is calculated to contain sorbitol (14.5 mg), sodium phosphate, sucrose (1.9 mg), sodium chloride, hydrolyzed gelatin (14.5 mg), human albumin (0.3 mg), fetal bovine serum (<1 ppm), other buffer and media ingredients and approximately 25 mcg of neomycin. |
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http://www.merck.com/product/usa/pi_circulars/p/pedvax_hib/pedvax_pi.pdf Liquid PedvaxHIB® [Haemophilus b Conjugate Vaccine (Meningococcal Protein Conjugate)] Haemophilus influenzae type b and Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B are grown in complex fermentation media. [Peanut meal is often used in fermentation media....-bfg] The PRP is purified from the culture broth by purification procedures which include ethanol fractionation, enzyme digestion, phenol extraction and diafiltration. The OMPC from Neisseria meningitidis is purified by detergent extraction, ultracentrifugation, diafiltration and sterile filtration. Liquid PedvaxHIB is ready to use and does not require a diluent. Each 0.5 mL dose of Liquid PedvaxHIB is a sterile product formulated to contain: 7.5 mcg of Haemophilus b PRP, 125 mcg of Neisseria meningitidis OMPC and 225 mcg of aluminum as amorphous aluminum hydroxyphosphate sulfate (previously referred to as aluminum hydroxide), in 0.9% sodium chloride, but does not contain lactose or thimerosal. Liquid PedvaxHIB is a slightly opaque white suspension. |
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Here's a definition of an adjuvant. |
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http://www.patentlens.net/daisy/adjuvants/Background/Adjuvant_types.html Types of adjuvantsVaccine development has been advancing over the years. New types of vaccines, such as DNA-based, recombinant subunits, recombinant viruses, and conjugates have been developed and introduced commercially. These vaccines tend to be safer and less reactogenic than older-style vaccines made from live or killed whole organisms. Use of new adjuvants that work with these vaccine types and that are less reactogenic has not kept pace with vaccine technology. Part of the barrier is the stringent regulatory environment. The hurdles in the U.S. and in Europe to gain approval are high (see, for example, Guideline on Adjuvants in Vaccines for Human Use by The European Medicines Agency). In nearly 80 years since the first vaccine adjuvant was approved by the FDA (United States Food and Drug Administration), no other adjuvant has been approved by the FDA for use in humans. The FDA only approves adjuvants in combination with vaccines and does not approve adjuvants alone. Nevertheless, substantial investment in adjuvant technology continues as evidenced by patent application filings and by clinical studies. Adjuvants used in vaccines given to humansAluminium salts were the first adjuvants approved by the FDA for use in humans. Use of alum salts began in the 1930s, before regulatory guidelines became more stringent. More recently, approvals have been obtained in Europe for MF59 as an adjuvant component of flu vaccine for elderly patients (Fluad(r) , Novartis Vaccines) and AS04 (combination of alum and MPL, GlaxoSmithKline) as the adjuvant for a viral vaccines (hepatitis B, HPV).
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See the page on patents for more detail. Lots of different kinds of oils are used as "vegetable oil". |
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Water-in-oil adjuvant composition - Patent 40693133149036,
Adjuvant vaccine with
aluminum monostearate, mannide monooleate,
vegetable
oil, and an aqueous phase immunolgical agent, September, 1964
...
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Patent 6372223
oil-in-water
adjuvants (Coulter et al., 1998,
Vaccine 16, pp. ....
administered in one conventional dose of
vaccine and
aluminum as an
adjuvant is added, ...
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Microbial delivery system
[0002] The present invention is generally in the area of
controlled delivery of antigens for use in vaccination or induction of
tolerance to allergens, and in particular relates to cellular delivery of
proteins and polypeptides.
[0006] Current treatments for allergies involve attempts to
“vaccinate” a sensitive individual against a particular allergen by
periodically injecting or treating the individual with a crude suspension
of the raw allergen. The goal, through controlled administration of known
amounts of antigen, is to modulate the IgE response mounted in the
individual. If the therapy is successful, the individual's IgE response is
diminished, or can even disappear. However, the therapy requires several
rounds of vaccination, over an extended time period (3-5 years),
and
very often does not produce the desired results. Moreover, certain
individuals suffer
anaphylactic reactions to the vaccines, despite their intentional,
controlled administration.
[0077]
Adjuvants that are known to stimulate Th2 responses are preferably
avoided.
[0086] Injectable preparations, for example, sterile
injectable aqueous or oleaginous suspensions may be formulated according
to the known art using suitable dispersing or
wetting agents and suspending agents. The sterile injectable
preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution, suspension or
emulsion in a nontoxic parenterally acceptable diluent or solvent, for
example, as a solution in 1,3-butanediol. Among the acceptable vehicles
and solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution, U.S.P. and
isotonic
sodium chloride solution. In addition, sterile, fixed oils are
conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium. For this
purpose any bland fixed oil can be employed including synthetic
mono- or diglycerides. In addition, fatty acids such as oleic acid are
used in the preparation of injectables.
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Vaccine Composition Comprising Alpha-Galactosylceramide as an ...A
vaccine adjuvant comprising alpha-galactosylceramide for the
...
by
oil emulsion (Freund's
adjuvant), saponin,
aluminum or calcium salts (alum),
...
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Vaccine 1992;10(10):714-20 Parameters affecting the immunogenicity of microencapsulated tetanus toxoid states “As expected, incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA) proved to be a more potent adjuvant than peanut oil…………….” PMID 1523381 Can J Comp Med 1985 Apr;49(2):149-51 compared 6 different adjuvants in swine including four mineral oil compounds, one peanut oil compound and aluminum hydroxide. PMID 4016580 C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D 1975 Apr 7;280(13):1629-32 states…….. a stable water in oil emulsion can be produced by using metabolizable peanut oil with arlacel. When mycobacteria are added, a potent emulsified oil adjuvant is obtained which increases the immune response to BSA and to influenza vaccine. PMID 811378 Vaccine 1992;10(10):714-20 Parameters affecting the immunogenicity of microencapsulated tetanus toxoid states “As expected, incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA) proved to be a more potent adjuvant than peanut oil…………….” PMID 1523381 Can J Comp Med 1985 Apr;49(2):149-51 compared 6 different adjuvants in swine including four mineral oil compounds, one peanut oil compound and aluminum hydroxide. PMID 4016580 C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D 1975 Apr 7;280(13):1629-32 states…….. a stable water in oil emulsion can be produced by using metabolizable peanut oil with arlacel. When mycobacteria are added, a potent emulsified oil adjuvant is obtained which increases the immune response to BSA and to influenza vaccine. PMID 811378
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Since the "adjuvant" is not an active ingredient, the ingredients of this ingredient does not have to be listed on the package insert and it is considered a "trade secret" so they don't have to tell you that peanut oil is in your vaccine! |
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