2 normal sodium hydroxide is preferable to a 5% sodium hypochloride.

A solution of the strength mentioned above may inhibit the replication of this on those who are infected, according to site.

This bacterium has been encouraged genetically to proliferate, which may explain why humans are getting it. This man has dedicated his whole career to the study of this bacterium, because it heals damaged plants:

Gelvin
Professor
HANS 309
ph. 765- 494-4939
email

Our research investigates how a soil bacterium, Agrobacterium tumefaciens , genetically engineers plants. Agrobacterium transfers a piece of bacterial DNA, the T-(transferred) DNA, to wounded plant cells where it makes its way through the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Once in the nucleus, T-DNA integrates into the host genome and expresses genes. Under normal circumstances, these genes cause the disease Crown Gall on plants. However, scientists have learned to manipulate T-DNA, replacing disease genes with genes of benefit to the plant. Many genetically engineered crop plants with desirable traits (disease resistance, herbicide tolerance, and enhanced nutritional value) were generated using Agrobacterium . Unfortunately, many important crop plants, including those important to Indiana farmers (corn, soybeans, and wheat) remain highly recalcitrant to Agrobacterium -mediated genetic transformation.

Our research focuses on understanding the role of plant genes and proteins in this natural genetic engineering process. We have identified plant genes involved in bacterial attachment to plant cells, T-DNA and Virulence transfer to and cytoplasmic trafficking within plants, T-DNA nuclear targeting, and T-DNA integration. Recently, we have been able to manipulate some of these genes to improve Agrobacterium transformation efficiency. We are currently working with agricultural biotechnology companies to improve the genetic engineering of crops, including those important for Indiana's economy.

Education
Ph.D., California, San Diego, 1977

Professional Faculty Research
(Plant molecular biology) Mechanism of the transfer to and expression of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti-plasmid in plant cells.

Recognitions
Awards

Damon Runyon-Walter Winchell Cancer Fund Post-doctoral Fellowship (1979-1980)
Presidential Young Investigator Award, National Science Foundation (1984)
Purdue University Herbert Newby McCoy Award (2004)
Loomis Lecturer, Iowa State University (2006)
Fellow, American Academy of Microbiology (elected 2006)


Extramural Grants

NSF - Identification of Plant Genes Involved in Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation
NSF - Establishment of Robust Maize Transformation Systems for the Public Sector
NSF - Bimolecular Flourescence Complementaton (BMFC) to investigate protein-protein interaction in Planta
CPBR - Plant Genes and Agrobacterium T-DNA Integration
BRDC - Enhancing Agrobacterium-mediated transformation by manipulating the plant's genome: a multi-gene approach


Grant Reviews/Study Sections

CPBR
NSF
USDA
Corporation for Plant Biotechnology Research grant review panel, December 16, 2004 (via teleconference


Advisory Boards

BRDC Scientific Advisory Board


Faculty Presentations

Manipulation of plant genes to effect better transformation of dicots: Will this work in maize? Maize Transformation Workshop, University of Wisconsin, Madison, March 11-12, 2003.
Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation: Can they be used to improve transformation? Indiana University, Bloomington, April 17, 2003.
Plant genes involved in Agrobacterum-mediated genetic transformation: A putative receptor for the Agrobacterium T-pilus, Keynote Lecture, Second Euresco Conference on the Biology of Type IV Secretion Processes, Giens, France, September 12-17, 2003.
Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation Fifth Danforth Symposium, Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri, October 17, 2003.
Plant genes involved in the early events of Agrobacterium transformation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, December 1-12, 2003.
Using plant genes to increase Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, BASF Corp, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, March 7-8, 2004.
Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, Keynote President's Lecture, Midwest ASPB meeting, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, March 19-21, 2004.
Using transcriptional profiling to understand Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation, NSF EPSCoR Conference, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, May 12-14, 2004.
Integration of the Agrobacterium T-DNA into the plant genome, 2004 Society of In vitro Biology Meeting, San Francisco, California, May 22-25, 2004.
Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation, University of Minnesota, June 6-8, 2004. Led a discussion group with graduate students.
Integration of Agrobacterium T-Dna into the plant genome, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, June 17-July 2, 2004.
Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated plant genetic transformation, National Chung-Tsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, June 30, 2004.
Plant processes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation: More (genes and collaborators) are better! (Keynote address), 25th Annual Crown Gall Conference, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois, August 13-17, 2004.
Using BY-2 cells to investigate Agrobacterium-plant interactions, International Symposium on Cell and Molecular Biology of Tobacco BY-2 Cells, Yokohama, Japan, September 10-17, 2004.
Gene delivery, PIPRA (Public Intellectual Property Resource for Agriculture) Workshop, Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, Missouri, October 26-28, 2004.
Manipulation of plant genes to effect better transformation of dicots: Will this work for maize? Maize Transformation Workshop, University of Wisconsin, Madison, March 9, 2004.
March 9-10, 2005. NSF-Sponsored Maize Transformation Workshop. “Manipulation of plant genes to effect better transformation of dicots: Will this work for maize?” University of Wisconsin, Madison.
April 10-12, 2005. “Using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to improve plants”. Starbucks Corporate Headquarters, Seattle, WA.
May 27-June 15, 2005. Presented a series of lectures in a course entitled “Protein routing through the cell”. Also presented a seminar “The role of plant genes in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation”. Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
August 5-7, 2005. 26th Annual Crown Gall Conference, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana:
a. Sang-Ic Kim, Veena, and Stanton B. Gelvin: “Genome-wide analysis of T- DNA target sites in the Arabidopsis genome under non-selective conditions: How random really is T-DNA integration?”
b. Lan-Ying Lee, Saikat Bhattacharjee, Shachi Vyas, Heiko Oltmanns, Vitaly Citovsky, Tzvi Tzfira, and Stanton B. Gelvin: “Arabidopsis Importin a proteins interact with Agrobacterium virulence proteins in plans as detected by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC).”
c. Heiko Olmanns, Susan Johnson, Bronwyn Frame, Lan-Ying Lee, Bo Li, Kan Wang and Stanton B. Gelvin: “Effect of Agrobacterium strain and binary vector replication origin on Agrobacterium-meditated transformation frequency and transgene copy number.”
d. Veena and Stanton B. Gelvin: “Crucial role of the host plant defense response in determining the efficiency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.”
e. Veena, Bronwyn Ramey, Amelia D. Tomlinson, Clay Fuqua, and Stanton B. Gelvin: “Increased biofilm formation on the root surfaces of attatchment-deficient Arabidopsis rat mutants is not sufficient to permit Agrobacterium-meditated transformation.”
f. Huabang Chen, Joerg Spantzel, Badam S. Yadav, Karn M. Oskins, Asma Alameri, Esan Wilkinson, and Stanton B. Gelivn: “Characterization of T-DNA activation-tagged Arabidopsis mutants that are hyper-susceptible to Agrobacterium transformation (hatmutants).”
g. Joerg Spantzel, Sergei Krasnyanski, Simran Bhullar, Yanmin Zhu, and Stanton B. Gelvin: “Over-expression of various Arabidopsis histone genes increases the Agrobacterium-mediated transfomation frequency of Arabidopsis.”
July 31-August 2, 2005. “Mechanisms of Agrobacterium-mediated transformations: Agrobacterium as a plant pathogen”. American Phytopathological Society annual meeting, Austin, Texas.
September 14-15, 2005. Presented and update on sponsored research at the Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation annual research conference, Chicago, Illinois.
September 28-30, 2005. "Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated plant genetic transformation". The Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK.
October 21, 2005. “Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated plant genetic transformation”. Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo.
December 7, 2005. “Agrobacterium and plant genetic transformation”. Consulting, Dow Agrosciences, Zionsville, IN.
February 9-11, 2005. "Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation”. Ceres Corp., Thousand Oaks, CA.
March 7-9, 2006. "Mechanisms of Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation: Plant genes involved in transformation". University of Nebraska, Lincoln.
March 27-29, 2006. Loomis lecture: "The molecular mechanism of plant genetic transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens: Nature's genetic engineer". Participated in a Symposium entitled "New facets in cross-kingdom interdependence: Molecular plant-microbe interactions" and presented a seminar entitled "Trafficking of Agrobacterium T-DNA through the plant cell". Iowa State University, Ames.
April 4-6, 2006. BRACT Transformation Workshop and the Third UK Cereal Genetics and Genomics Workshop. "Manipulating the Plant Genome to Improve Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation". John Innes Centre, Norwich, England.
June 12-28, 2006. “T-DNA integration into the host genome: Revisiting some old concepts”. Institute of Plant and Microbial Boilogy, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
July 21-26, 2006. “Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated plant genetic transformation”. University of California, Davis.
August 11, 2006. “Over-expression of several Arabidopsis histone genes increases susceptibility to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation” and “Isolation and characterization of Arabidopsis mutants that are hyper-susceptible to Agrobacterium transformation (hat mutants)”. Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation meeting, Chicago.
September 28, 2006. “Agrobacterium and plant genetic engineering”. Wabash College.
October 18-30, 2006. “Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated plant genetic transformation: Manipulating these genes to enhance transformation: Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Zhejiang Science and Technical University, Hangzhou, China; Jaotung University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology.
November 17-19, 2006. The following talks/posters were presented at the 27th Annual Crown Gall conference, Williams College, Williamstown, MA.
a. Vijayanand Nadella, Lan-Ying Lee, and Stanton B. Gelvin “Tracking the movement of VirE2 from Agrobacterium to plant cells”
b. Lan-Ying Lee, Heiko Oltmanns, Josh Cuperus, and Stanton B. Gelvin “Using bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) to study interactions between Agrobacterium virulence proteins and plant nuclear transfer proteins”.
c. Heiko Oltmanns, Bronwyn Frame, Susan Johnson, Lan-Ying Lee, Bo Li, Kan Wang, and Stanton B. Gelvin “Generation of “backbone” free, low transgene copy plants by integration of T-DNA into the Agrobacterium chromosome”.
d. Nagesh Sardesai, Huabang Chen, Joerg Spantzel, and Stanton B. Gelvin “Activation-tagging reveals a putative negative global regulator of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Arabidopsis”.
e. Joerg Spantzel, Yanmin Zhou, Simran Bhullar, and Stanton B. Gelvin “Over- expression of Arabidopsis Histone H2A and H4, but not H2B and H3, cDNAs increases the frequency of Agrobacterium-mediated root transformation”.
February 2-9, 2007. “Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation: Manipulating these genes to improve transformation efficiency”. Plenary lecture, Plant Transformation Technologies Conference, Vienna, Austria.
February 28-March 1, 2007. “Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation”. University of Missouri, Columbia.
March 15-16, 2007. “Plant genes involved in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation”. University of Hawaii.


Conferences

Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation (BRDC) Annual meeting, Chicago, IL, May 19-20, 2003.
7th International Congress of Plant Molecular Biology, Barcelona, Spain, June 26-July 1, 2003.
Plant Genome Principal Investigators Meeting, Tucson, Arizona, October 10-12, 2003.
24th Crown Gall Conference, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, November 22-23, 2003
Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation (BRDC) Annual meeting, Chicago, Illinois, April 12-13, 2004.
Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, June 17-July 2, 2004

25th Annual Crown Gall Conference, University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois, August 13-17, 2004. Co-organizer.
State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York, November 5-7, 2004. Discussed ongoing projects with research collaborators.
Plant Genome Project research conference, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, December 5-7, 2004. Discussed research progress and planned research for the upcoming year.
March 9-10, 2005. NSF-Sponsored Maize Transformation Workshop. University of Wisconsin, Madison.
August 5-7, 2005. 26th Annual Crown Gall Conference, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.
July 31-August 2, 2005. American Phytopathological Society annual meeting, Austin, Texas.
September 14-15, 2005. Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation annual research conference, Chicago, Illinois.
April 4-6, 2006. BRACT Transformation Workshop and the Third UK Cereal Genetics and Genomics Workshop. John Innes Centre, Norwich, England.
August 11, 2006. Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation meeting, Chicago.
November 17-19, 2006. 27th Annual Crown Gall conference, Williams College, Williamstown, MA.
February 2-9, 2007. Plant Transformation Technologies Conference, Vienna, Austria.
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