One of the main causes for the pathology of lead is that it interferes with the activity an essential enzyme called delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, or ALAD, which is important in the biosynthesis of heme, the cofactor found in hemoglobin.[9] Lead thus inhibits heme and hemoglobin synthesis.[2]
Lead poisoning also inhibits the enzyme ferrochelatase[7][9][15] which catalyzes the joining of protoporphyrin and Fe2+ to form heme
Evidence suggests lead exposure is associated with high blood pressure, and studies have also found connections between lead exposure and coronary heart disease, heart rate variability, and death from stroke, but this evidence is more limited