I have had experiences in these areas in work I did in the criminal justice system, have seen what booze and dope do to weak-minded women, and men, and it isn't pretty. Most of them never recover and end up old, ugly, and dead before their time. If there were an easy answer, there wouldn't be a problem. I've seen coddling and nurturing but they don't seem to work well on young adults - those kids need that from their parents and when they don't get it from them, nothing can substitute for it but the cold, hard, painful truth. All bottom out, some never get back up.