For toughest stains, try a citrus-based cleaner at full strength (undiluted).
Try fine grain wet/dry sandpaper (400 grit) to remove pot marks in porcelain sinks (gentler than common scouring cleansers).
To remove mineral deposits around faucets, cover deposits with strips of paper towels, soaked in vinegar. Let set for 1 hour and clean.
Note: Hard water means the water has a high mineral content (e.g. calcium, magnesium, iron, etc.). This often results in whitish mineral deposits left on faucets, shower doors, drains, windows. Vinegar, a weak acid, can dissolve many of these deposits.
(Source: U.S. EPA)
Bleach
Use hydrogen peroxide-based bleaches. Hydrogen peroxide breaks down to water and oxygen in wastewater. (Source: U.S. EPA)
Laundry
For a fabric rinse, add 1/4 cup of vinegar to the washing machine's rinse cycle. This eliminates the scratchy feel of laundered clothes by rinsing detergent completely from clothes.
To brighten clothes, add 1/2 cup of lemon juice to the rinse cycle.
Reduce the amount of laundry detergent per load by adding 1/2 cup of baking soda or borax to the wash.
(Source: Children's Health Environmental Coalition)
Use vegetable-based laundry detergent free of chlorine bleach and artificial fragrances, with no optical brighteners or dyes, and biodegradable (recommended products: see below)
Dishes
Handwashing: Use vegetable oil-based soaps/detergents.
Automatic dishwasher: Automatic dishwashing detergents have a very high level of phosphates. (One exception is Seventh Generation brand dishwashing powder--see recommended brands, below)
For excellent information on the environmental hazards of phosphates:
Unclogging drains
Use one of the following methods:
- Pour one or two handfuls of baking soda followed by ½ cup vinegar down the drain pipe and cover tightly for one minute. The chemical reaction between the two substances will create pressure in the drain and dislodge the obstruction. Rinse with hot water.
- Pour ½ cup salt and ½ cup baking soda followed by lots of hot water.
- Plunge the sink.
- Use a drain snake -- also called a sink auger -- to unclog stubborn drains. Drain snakes can be purchased at hardware stores or ordered online, sometimes for less than the cost of a bottle of chemical drain cleaner. More expensive heavy-duty drain snakes can be rented for less than the cost of a chemical drain cleaner.
- Read "Unclogging a Sink Drain ," from DoItYourself.com: http://www.doityourself.com/scat/drainuncloggingandma
Moth balls
Store clean clothing in airtight containers or sealed bags with cedar blocks, shavings (available as cage bedding in pet stores) or oil. Place cedar in drawers and closets as well. Inspect any used clothing or furniture carefully for moths or larvae before bringing them into the house, or clean them first. Vigorously shaking clothes will remove larvae and eggs (remember to vacuum well afterwards). And the heat of the dryer will also kill larvae and eggs.
(Source: Children's Health Environmental Coalition)
Floor or furniture polish
Use one of the following methods:
- Use 1 part lemon to 2 parts olive oil and apply a thin coat. Rub in well with a soft cloth.
- Mix three parts olive oil and one part vinegar.
Carpet deodorizer
Sprinkle carpet liberally with baking soda. Wait 15 minutes longer, then vacuum. For musty rugs that have been sitting in the attic, leave the baking soda overnight.
Metal polishing
(Source: U.S. EPA)
Brass: Mix 1/2 tsp salt and 1/2 cup vinegar with enough flour to make a paste. Apply thickly. Let sit for 15 min-1/2 hr. Rinse thoroughly with water to avoid corrosion.
Copper: Polish with a paste of lemon juice and salt.
Silver: Boil silver 3 minutes in a quart of water containing: 1 teaspoon baking soda, 1 teaspoon salt, and a piece of aluminum foil.
Or, rub silver with a baking soda/water paste and a soft cloth; rinse and polish dry.
Or, rub with toothpaste.
Use a toothbrush to clean raised surfaces. Be careful not to scratch surfaces. Be gentle and use a light hand.
Chrome: Wipe with vinegar, rinse with water, then dry. (Good for removing hard water deposits.)
Or, shine chrome fixtures with baby oil and a soft cloth. (Good for removing soap scum off faucets.)
Stainless steel: Clean and polish with a baking soda/water paste or a cleanser like Bon Ami.
Paper towels and rags
Crumpled newspaper is a great substitute for paper towels for cleaning windows. If you do use paper towels for cleaning, choose unbleached paper towels with high post-consumer recycled content (recommended products: see below). Reusable cloth rags are also a good choice.
Disposal of commercial cleaning products
Get rid of toxic household products stored under your kitchen sink and in your basement -- but don't pour them down the drain or throw them in the trash. Remember that many household products are considered hazardous waste. Contact your local environmental agency or public works department to find out about hazardous waste disposal in your area. You can read about local disposal rules at http://www.cleanup.org by typing in "Household Hazardous Waste" and entering your zipcode.
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Resources:
1) Recommended brands of "green" laundry products (detergent/fabric softener/non-chlorine bleach), liquid dish soap, and dishwasher detergent free of chlorine, artificial fragrances and dyes, vegetable-based and petroleum-free!
2) Seventh Generation and Planet also have "green" paper products free of chlorine, dyes, and synthetic perfumes, with high post-consumer recycling content (Planet label for some paper products: "Green Forest")
If you can't find Seventh Generation paper products in your local stores, go to
to purchase in bulk from Treecycle, a wholesaler. They also have information about other paper products, including computer paper.
3) Consumers can readily find information about all their eco-friendly household product needs, and where to buy them, through on-line catalogs such as National Green Pages put out by Coop America: http://www.coopamerica.org and click on "National Green Pages" square green icon.
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More Liora's Lists:
Homemade "Green" cleaning products: vinegar, soap, a "scrubber", and water. Oh, and don't forget the "elbow grease"! Read on for "green" cleaning in your home! http://curezone.com/blogs/fm.asp?i=976256