In order to find out what might be in a vaccine adjuvant or culture medium, you have to read the patents.
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I searched for vaccine patents that had peanut in the
description. I found many with peanut oil as an ingredient. Treenuts are
also a common allergy. I found other oils listed as possible ingredients
which could account for treenut allergies in young children.
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http://www.wipo.int/pctdb/en/wo.jsp?wo=1993021325&IA=WO1993021325&DISPLAY=DESC
WO 1993021325 19931028
WILD-TYPE MEASLES VIRUS GLYCOPROTEINS: VACCINE AND
DETECTION METHOD THEREFOR
Background of the Invention
-
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a measles virus
consensus hemagglutinin polypeptide in substantially pure form that
possesses an amino acid sequence described by a consensus hemagglutinin
formula herein.
It is a further another object of the invention to
provide a measles virus consensus fusion polypeptide in substantially pure
form which contains six amino acid substitutions, relative to the Moraten
strain fusion protein, which are shared among at least two wild-types of
measles virus….
A vaccine according to the present invention further
comprises an adjuvant in order to increase the immunogenicity of the
vaccine preparation. The adjuvant can be selected, for example, from
Freund’s complete or incomplete adjuvant, aluminum hydroxide, a saponin, a
muramyl dipeptide, an iscorn, a vegetable oil (li e
peanut oil) or a
mineral oil, such as silicone oil.
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http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/5753234/description.html
US Patent 5753234 - Single-shot vaccine
formulation
Exemplary injection media which can be used in the
present invention include a buffer with or without dispersing agents
and/or preservatives, an edible oil, mineral oil, cod liver oil, squalene,
squalane, mono-, di- or triglyceride and a mixture thereof; said
edible
oil being corn oil, sesame oil, olive oil, soybean oil, safflower oil,
cotton seed oil,
peanut
oil or a mixture thereof.
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http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6720001/claims.html
US Patent 6720001 - Emulsion compositions for
polyfunctional active ingredients
1. A stabilized pharmaceutical oil-in-water emulsion for delivery of a polyfunctional drug, wherein the emulsion has a mean particle diameter of
less than about 5 μm and consists essentially of:
(a) a therapeutically effective amount of a
polyfunctional drug selected from the group consisting of analgesics,
anti-inflammatory agents, anthelmintics, antiarrhythimic agents,
anti-asthma agents, anti-bacterial agents, anti-viral agents,
anti-coagulants, anti-depressants, anti-diabetic agents, anti-epileptic
agents, anti-fungal agents, anti-gout agents, anti-hypertensive agents,
anti-malarials, anti-migraine agents, anti-muscarinic agents, anti-neoplostic
agents, immunosuppressants, anti-protozoal agents, anti-thyroid agents,
anti-tussives, anxiolytics, sedatives, hypnotics, neuroleptic agents,
β-blockers, cardiac inotropic agents, corticosteroids, diuretics,
anti-parkinsonism agents, gastrointestinal agents, histamine receptor
antagonists, keratolytics, lipid regulating agents, muscle relaxants,
anti-anginal agents, sex hormones, stimulants, cytokines, peptidomimetics,
proteins, peptides, toxoids, antibodies,
vaccines, nucleosides,
nucleotides, nucleic acids, DNA, RNA, oligonucleotides,
oligodeoxynucleotides, and combinations thereof;
(b) an aqueous phase;
(c) an oil phase consisting essentially of…
8. The pharmaceutical emulsion of claim 1, wherein the oil phase further
comprises almond oil; babassu oil; borage oil; black currant seed oil;
canola oil; castor oil; coconut oil; corn oil; cottonseed oil; emu oil;
evening primrose oil; flax seed oil; grapeseed oil; groundnut oil;
mustard seed oil; olive oil; palm oil; palm kernel oil;
peanut oil;
rapeseed oil; safflower oil; sesame oil; shark liver oil; soybean oil;
sunflower oil; hydrogenated castor oil; hydrogenated coconut oil;
hydrogenated palm oil; hydrogenated soybean oil; hydrogenated vegetable
oil; a mixture of hydrogenated cottonseed oil and hydrogenated castor oil;
partially hydrogenated soybean oil; a mixture of partially hydrogenated
soybean oil and partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil; glyceryl trioleate;
glyceryl trilinoleate; glyceryl trilinolenate; a Ω3 polyunsaturated fatty
acid triglyceride containing oil;
or a mixture thereof.
9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein
the oil phase further comprises
coconut oil; corn oil; olive oil; palm
oil; peanut oil; safflower oil; sesame oil; soybean oil;
hydrogenated castor oil; hydrogenated coconut oil; partially hydrogenated
soybean oil; glyceryl trioleate; glyceryl trilinoleate; glyceryl
trilinolenate; a Ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acid triglyceride containing
oil; or a mixture thereof.
10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein
the oil phase further comprises
corn oil; olive oil; palm oil;
peanut oil; safflower oil; sesame oil; soybean oil; hydrogenated
castor oil; partially hydrogenated soybean oil; glyceryl trioleate;
glyceryl trilinoleate; a Ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acid triglyceride
containing oil;
or a mixture thereof.
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http://www.faqs.org/patents/app/20080199491
Patent title: Sustained Release Vaccine Composition
88. A non-liquid vaccine composition according to claim 87, including a
component active against one or more disease pathogens selected from the
group consisting of Adenovirus, AIDS, Anthrax, BCG, Chlamydia, Cholera,
Circovirus, Classical swine fever, Coronavirus,
Diphtheria-Tetanus,
Distemper virus,
DTaP,
DTP, E
coli, Eimeria (coccidosis), Encephalitis, Feline immunodeficiency virus,
Feline leukemia virus, Foot and mouth disease, Hemophilus,
Hepatitis A, B,C,D,E,F,
Hepatitis B/Hib, Herpes virus, Hib,
Influenza, Japanese
Encephalitis, Lyme disease,
Measles, Measles-Rubella,
Meningococcal, MMR,
Mumps, Mycoplasma, Para influenza virus,
Parvovirus, Pasteurella,
Pertussis, Pestivirus, Plague, Pneumococcal, Polio (IPV),
Polio (OPV), Pseudorabies, Rabies, Respiratory syncitial virus,
Rhinotracheiitis, Rotavirus,
Rubella, Salmonella, SARS,
Tetanus,
Typhoid, Varicella, Viral diarrhoea virus, Yellow Fever. …
[0049]In certain embodiments, the vaccine composition
may include other adjuvants, including adjuvants in liquid form. Such
other adjuvants that may be used include squalene and squalene, Adjuvant
65 (containing peanut oil,
mannide monooleate and aluminium monostearate), surfactants such as ...
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP1742656.html
NOVEL PEANUT SKIN EXTRACT
AS A VACCINE
ADJUVANT
Abstract not available for EP1742656
Abstract of corresponding document: WO2005089262
The present invention relates to a novel adjuvant and/or immunomodulator
isolated from peanut skin extract, which may be useful in
the preparation of immunogenic compositions and vaccines. The present
invention also provides for a method of stimulating acquisition of
protective immunity by administering peanut skin extract prior to
vaccination.
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP1154792.html
TUBERCULOSIS VACCINE FORMULATION COMPRISING
MONOGLYCERIDES OR FATTY ACIDS AS ADJUVANT
…The TB vaccine composition according to the invention may further
comprise pharmaceutical excipients selected from the group consisting of
biocompatible oils, such as rape seed oil, sunflower oil,
peanut
oil, cotton seed oil, jojoba oil, squalan or squalene,
physiological saline solution, preservatives and osmotic pressure
controlling agents, carrier gases, pH-controlling agents, organic
solvents, hydrophobic agents, enzyme inhibitors, water absorbing polymers,
surfactants, absorption promoters, and anti-oxidative agents….
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5679356.html
Use of GM-CSF as a vaccine adjuvant
…To obtain a stronger humoral and/or cellular response, it is common to
administer a vaccine in a formulation containing an adjuvant. An adjuvant
is a substance that enhances, nonspecifically, the immune response to an
antigen, or which causes an individual to respond to an antigen who would
otherwise without the adjuvant not respond to the antigen. An adjuvant is
usually administered with an antigen, but may also be given before or
after antigen administration. Suitable adjuvants for the vaccination of
mammals include but are not limited to Adjuvant 65 (containing peanut oil,
mannide monooleate and aluminum monostearate); Freund’s complete or
incomplete adjuvant; mineral gels such as aluminum hydroxide, aluminum
phosphate and alum; surfactants such as hexadecylamine, octadecylamine,
lysolecithin, dimethyldioctadecyl-ammonium bromide, N,N-dioctadecyl-N’,N’-bis(2-hydroxymethyl)
propanediamine, methoxyhexadecylglycerol and pluronic polyols; polyanions
such as pyran, dextran sulfate, poly IC, polyacrylic acid and carbopol;
peptides such as muramyl dipeptide, dimethylglycine and tuftsin; and
oil
emulsions. The antigens could also be administered following incorporation
into liposomes or other microcarriers….
______________________________________
Formulation 2 INGREDIENTS
______________________________________
Lyopilized GM-CSF 10-1000 mcg
Water-for-injection for reconstitution
0.2 ml
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate
1 mg
Peanut oil for emulsion
2 ml
Peanut oil for gel 2 ml
Aluminum monostearate 50 mg
To prepare the sustained release preparation of GM-CSF
according to Formulation 2, the aluminum monostearate is mixed into the
peanut oil for the gel and heat elevated to form the gel
according to known methods.
The dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate is dissolved into the
Water for Injection. The lyophilized GM-CSF is reconstituted with the
dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate solution, the resultant solution is
transfered into the peanut oil for emulsion and mixed by
vortexing. The resultant emulsion is then mixed into the previously
prepared gelled peanut oil and mixed by vortexing.
…To obtain a stronger humoral and/or cellular response,
it is common to administer a vaccine in a formulation containing an
adjuvant. An adjuvant is a substance that enhances, nonspecifically, the
immune response to an antigen, or which causes an individual to respond to
an antigen who would otherwise without the adjuvant not respond to the
antigen. An adjuvant is usually administered with an antigen, but may also
be given before or after antigen administration. Suitable adjuvants for
the vaccination of mammals include but are not limited to Adjuvant 65
(containing peanut oil, mannide monooleate and aluminum
monostearate); Freund’s complete or incomplete adjuvant; mineral gels such
as aluminum hydroxide, aluminum phosphate and alum; surfactants such as
hexadecylamine, octadecylamine, lysolecithin, dimethyldioctadecyl-ammonium
bromide, N,N-dioctadecyl-N’,N’-bis(2-hydroxymethyl) propanediamine,
methoxyhexadecylglycerol and pluronic polyols; polyanions such as pyran,
dextran sulfate, poly IC, polyacrylic acid and carbopol; peptides such as
muramyl dipeptide, dimethylglycine and tuftsin; and oil emulsions. The
antigens could also be administered following incorporation into liposomes
or other microcarriers….
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4806350.html
Vaccine formulation
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The vaccine formulation of the invention employs a
saponin and an oil as an adjuvant. It is a parenterally
administerable mono- or polyvalent vaccine in which the antigen is any
antigen or antigenic component for stimulating a desired immune response.
Such vaccine can be, for example, a vaccine for protecting a mammal
against infection, or against development of a disease state resulting
from infection, by a pathogenic or opportunistic bacteria, virus, parasite
or other invasive microbe or organism. Such vaccine can also be, for
example, a hormone such as leutenizing hormone. In the former case, the
antigen can be one or more modified or inactivated bacteria, viruses,
parasites or other microbes or organisms or one or more subunits thereof
or derivatives of such subunits.
The vaccine is formulated to comprise a vaccinal amount,
that is, an effective, non-toxic amount of each antigen per dose in
accordance with standard procedures for vaccine preparation employing an
O/W or W/O emulsion. Typically, this comprises adding an immunostimulating
antigen and a saponin to the oil or water phase of an
oil and water
emulsion prior to combining the oil and water. Usually, the antigen and saponin are added to the water. A saponin is typically added to the
aqueous phase in an amount of 15 to 5000 micrograms, preferably 25 to 1000
micrograms, per dose. Any of the saponins or saponin derivatives can be
used. See, e.g., Charlier et al., Arch. Exp. Vet.-Med. 27: 783 (1973) and
Bonati, U.S. Pat. No. 4,101,652. Preferably, such saponin has lipophilic
and hydrophilic regions and therefore can function as a surfactant and
emulsifier. Quil A is the preferred saponin. Quil A forms micelles in
aqueous solutions at concentrations as low as 0.03% and forms complexes
with a wide range of antigens. It is publicly available from a variety of
sources including commercial vendors, such as Superfos (Copenhagen,
Denmark).
The oil phase comprises one or more parenterally
tolerated oils. These include vegetable oil such as
soy bean oil and
peanut oil, mineral oils, such as Drakeol 6VR,
animal
oils such as squalene, and intermediate length (C12 to C20) alkanes,
optionally substituted, such as hexadecane. See, for example, Murray et
al., Ann. Allergy 30: 146 (1972). The amount of oil is up to 95% by
volume. In O/W emulsions, the amount of oil is preferably 0.2 to 20%, more
preferably 0.5 to 10% and in W/O emulsions the amount of oil is preferably
40 to 90%, more preferably 50 to 70%.
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7459163.html
Infectious DNA as a vaccine against west nile and other
flaviviruses
…The term “carrier” refers to a diluent, adjuvant, excipient, or
vehicle with which the attenuated virus or infectious DNA is administered.
Such pharmaceutical carriers can be sterile liquids, such as water and
oils, including those of petroleum,
animal, vegetable or synthetic origin,
such as
peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil,
sesame oil
and the like. Suitable pharmaceutical excipients include starch, glucose,
lactose, sucrose, gelatin, malt, rice, flour, chalk, silica gel, sodium
stearate, glycerol monostearate, talc, sodium chloride,
dried skim milk,
glycerol, propylene, glycol, water, ethanol and the like. The composition,
if desired, can also contain minor amounts of wetting or emulsifying
agents, or pH buffering agents. These compositions can take the form of
solutions, suspensions, emulsion, tablets, pills, capsules, powders,
sustained-release formulations and the like. The composition can be
formulated as a suppository, with traditional binders and carriers such as
triglycerides. Oral formulation can include standard carriers such as
pharmaceutical grades of mannitol, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate,
sodium saccharine, cellulose, magnesium carbonate, etc. Examples of
suitable pharmaceutical carriers are described in “Remington’s
Pharmaceutical Sciences” by E. W. Martin….
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5874085.html
Vaccine for enhanced production of IgA antibodies
…Any pharmaceutically acceptable carrier can be employed for the
multivalent antigen receptor crosslinker, CD40 ligand, TGF-β, IL-4, and
either IL-5 or IL-2. Carriers can be sterile liquids, such as water, oils,
including petroleum oil, animal oil, vegetable oil,
peanut oil,
soybean oil, mineral oil,
sesame oil, and the like. With
intravenous administration, water is a preferred carrier. Saline
solutions, aqueous dextrose, and glycerol solutions can also be employed
as liquid carriers, particularly for injectable solutions. Suitable
pharmaceutical carriers are described in Remington’s Pharmaceutical
Sciences, 18th Edition (A. Gennaro, ed., Mack Pub., Easton, Pa., 1990),
incorporated by reference….
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5709879.html
Vaccine compositions containing liposomes
…Sources for vegetable oils include nuts, seeds and grains.
Peanut
oil, soybean oil, coconut oil, and olive oil, the most commonly
available, exemplify the nut oils. Seed oils include safflower oil,
cottonseed oil, sunflower seed oil, sesame seed oil and the like. In the
grain group, corn oil is the most readily available, but the oil of other
cereal grains such as wheat, oats, rye, rice, teff, triticale and the like
may also be used….
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6890540.html
Vaccine formulation
…The vaccine formulation according to the invention may further comprise
pharmaceutical excipients selected from the group consisting of
biocompatible oils, such as such as rape seed oil, sunflower oil,
peanut oil, cotton seed oil, jojoba oil, squalan or squalene,
physiological saline solution, preservatives and osmotic pressure
controlling agents, carrier gases, pH-controlling agents, organic
solvents, hydrophobic agents, enzyme inhibitors, water absorbing polymers,
surfactants, absorption promoters, and anti-oxidative agents….
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7361352.html
Influenza immunogen and vaccine
…Vaccines or inocula are typically prepared from a
recovered recombinant HBc chimer immunogen particles by dispersing the
particles in a physiologically tolerable (acceptable) diluent vehicle such
as water, saline phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), acetate-buffered saline
(ABS), Ringer’s solution or the like to form an aqueous composition. The
diluent vehicle can also include oleaginous materials such as
peanut oil, squalane or squalene as is discussed hereinafter….
…Another particularly preferred adjuvant for use with an
immunogen of the present invention is an emulsion. A contemplated emulsion
can be an oil-in-water emulsion or a water-in-oil emulsion. In addition to
the immunogenic chimer protein particles, such emulsions comprise an oil
phase of squalene, squalane, peanut oil
or the like as
are well known, and a dispersing agent. Non-ionic dispersing agents are
preferred and such materials include mono- and di-C12-C24-fatty acid
esters of sorbitan and mannide such as sorbitan mono-stearate, sorbitan
mono-oleate and mannide mono-oleate. An immunogen-containing emulsion is
administered as an emulsion….
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/7153513.html
West nile vaccine
Suitable adjuvants can include immunostimulating oils such as certain
metabolizable oils. Metabolizable oils suitable for use in the
composition of the invention include oil emulsions, e.g., SP oil
(hereinafter described), Emulsigen (MPV Laboratories, Ralston, NZ),
Montanide
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