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Date:   11/19/2021 8:49:32 PM ( 3 y ago)

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Review
Mol Nutr Food Res

. 2021 Jan;65(1):e1901071.
doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201901071. Epub 2020 Apr 27.
β-1,3/1,6-Glucans and Immunity: State of the Art and Future Directions
Elena De Marco Castro 1 2 , Philip C Calder 3 4 , Helen M Roche 1 2 5
Affiliations

PMID: 32223047 PMCID: PMC7816268 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201901071

Free PMC article
Abstract

The innate immune system responds in a rapid and non-specific manner against immunologic threats; inflammation is part of this response.

This is followed by a slower but targeted and specific response termed the adaptive or acquired immune response.

There is emerging evidence that dietary components, including yeast-derived β-glucans, can aid host defense against pathogens by modulating inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of neutrophils and macrophages.

Innate immune training refers to a newly recognized phenomenon wherein compounds may "train" innate immune cells, such that monocyte and macrophage precursor biology is altered to mount a more effective immunological response.

Although various human studies have been carried out, much uncertainty still exists and further studies are required to fully elucidate the relationship between β-glucan supplementation and human immune function.

This review offers an up-to-date report on yeast-derived β-glucans as immunomodulators, including a brief overview of the current paradigm regarding the interaction of β-glucans with the immune system.

The recent pre-clinical work that has partly decrypted mode of action and the newest evidence from human trials are also reviewed.

According to pre-clinical studies, β-1,3/1,6-glucan derived from baker's yeast may offer increased immuno-surveillance, although the human evidence is weaker than that gained from pre-clinical studies.

Keywords: diet and inflammation; innate immunity; metabolic-inflammation; trained immunity; yeast β-glucan.

© 2020 The Authors. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Conflict of interest statement

P.C.C. has received funding as part of trials investigating Wellmune. E.D.M.C. is in receipt of a PhD studentship co‐funded by the Irish Research Council and Kerry.


 

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